mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/asessment-of-ground-water-quality-of-rural-parts-of-kapadwanj-and-its-impact-on-human-health/ 2013-02-14 2018-12-21 IntroductionWater is most essential for existence of life on earth and is a major component for all forms of lives, from micro-organism to man .Various physico-chemical parameters have a significant role in determining the potability of water. As Per World Health Organization,safe and wholesome drinking water is a basic need for human development, health and well being, and it is an internationally accepted human right” Water intended for human consumption must be free from harmful mi

..]]> Assessment of ground water quality of rural parts of kapadwanj .Its physio-chemical analysis such as temperature , pH, biological oxygen demand,  total dissolved solids, chloride, total alkalinity, calcium and magnesium hardness, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate of ground water was carried out from twenty sampling stations of rural parts of  Kapadwanj region are during the February- 2012 and July - 2012 in order to assess water quality index.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/agricultural-vulnerability-and-adaptation-to-climatic-changes-in-malaysia-review-on-paddy-sector/ 2013-02-16 2018-12-20 Introduction The changing patterns of climate factors adversely affect the social, economic and environmental agents all over the world. The agriculture is fully dependent on the factors of climate and consequences of climate change are of adverse impacts on agriculture and agriculture relevant stakeholders. Among all the stakeholders, farmer community is the most affected and risk group due to their full dependency on agriculture. The climatic factors as expressed by the amount of rainfall,

..]]> Climate change has mixed impacts on agriculture and the impacts are different in terms of areas, periods and crops. The changing factors of climate have been exerting strong negative impacts on Malaysian agriculture, which is apprehended to result in shortages of water and other resources for long term, worsening soil condition, disease and pest outbreaks on crops and livestock, sea-level rise, and so on. Due to climate change, agricultural productivity and profitability is declining. Despite co

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/odour-pollution-measurement-from-refuse-derive-fuel-operations-using-odour-concentration-meter-ocm-xp-329/ 2013-03-04 2018-12-20 Introduction There has been a dearth on studies of odour pollution in Malaysia due constraints such as lack of measurement equipments, guidelines and legal act for such operational endeavour. Despite the media publication on odour pollution, actions and enforcement were ineffective due to limitations in regulations and operationals standards.In particular, scientific studies on odour concentrations and intensity were difficult to be implemented due to lack of equipments for measuring the phen

..]]> Odour perception is subjective and difficult to be accurately measured between individuals. Hence many studies on odour issues are more commonly pertain to its intensity, concentration, types, standards, measurement methods, law and impacts on physical and human environments. Nevertheless, odour analysis can be conducted empirically or based on human sensorial. Among major sources of odour pollution are animal rearing, oil palm and rubber mills, dumpsites, industries and sewage treatments. This

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/oryzalin-treatment-modified-plant-morphology-of-impatiens-balsamina-l/ 2013-03-13 2018-12-20 Introduction Impatiens balsamina L. (garden balsam) is a flowering plant that belonged to Balsaminaceae family. The plant has many flower colour like red, purple, pink and white. The flowers can be used for gardening and potted plants, nail polished and natural colouring agent,1 antibiotic activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi,2 offerings in Balinese ceremony.3 Seed extract of garden balsam contained antimicrobial activity against the growth of  E.co

..]]> Impatiens balsamina L. is well known as garden balsam that flowers are very usefull. The flowers can be arranged in coconut leaves for praying or as a decoration in pots. Garden balsam plants are tall. The flowers are easy to decay especially in rainy season. Vigorous plants with bigger flower for potted plant can be produced by using oryzalin through seedlings treatment of garden balsam. Seedlings were treated in oryzalin at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03% for 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 ho

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/comparison-of-noise-sensitivity-and-annoyance-among-the-residents-of-birjand-old-and-new-urban-districts/ 2013-01-24 2018-12-20 Introduction Noise is defined as an unpleasant sound that can affect people’s health and efficiency. Noise pollution not only produces effects such as damage to hearing system and disturbance in acoustic activities, reduce in concentration and efficiency, sleep disorder, physiological disorders, but also in long term creates annoyance that in the most common complication caused by noise among people. Noise sensitivity is a personality characteristic that can be regarded as a measure

..]]> Noise is a stressor of today man’s working and living place. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to compare the noise sensitivity and annoyance among the residents of Birjand old and new districts. In this analytical – descriptive study, using Weinstein noise sensitivity scale and the seven point scale of noise annoyance based on ISO 15666 standards we measured the rate of noise sensitivity as one of the attitudinal factors as well as that of noise annoyance amo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/environmental-prevalence-of-pathogens-in-different-drinking-water-resources-in-makkah-city-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia/ 2013-03-28 2018-12-20 Introduction: Water is unsafe for human consumption when it contains pathogenic or disease-causing microorganisms. Pathogenic microorganisms (and their associated disease(s)) may include bacteria, such as Salmonella typhi (typhoid fever), Vibrio cholerae (cholera), Shigella (dysentery, shigellosis), and viruses, such as poliovirus or Hepatitis A virus and protozoa such as Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) or Cryptosporidium parvum (cryptosporidiosis). A major challenge for water suppliers is how t

..]]> Water is the most important substance in our daily life. Without it, life would not have been possible. Potable water is essential to humans and other life forms, as water is important to the mechanics of biological metabolisms in the body. Drinking water should be pure and free of contaminants to ensure proper health and wellness. Drinking water from different water resources such as wells and tankers should be free from contamination with waterborne pathogens including bacteria, fungi, viruses

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/mercury-induced-biochemical-alterations-as-oxidative-stress-in-mugil-cephalus-in-short-term-toxicity-test/ 2013-03-23 2018-10-24 INTRODUCTION: Estuarine pollution is an ongoing activity started long back however intensified during the last few decades, and currently the circumstances has become alarming, especially in India1. Metals are natural components; however become contaminants of the aquatic environment, due to anthropogenic activities2. Bioavailability and indestructible nature are the most fundamental property of heavy metal exerting toxic effects on living organisms when they exceed a certain concentration li

..]]> Mugil cephalus juveniles of size 2.5 ±0.6cm were exposed to mercury in short term chronic toxicity test through static renewal bioassay to detect the possible biochemical agent as biomarkers in aquatic pollution and in estuarine contamination as specific. Lipid peroxidation levels, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, reduced glutathione and acetylcholinesterase were studied as biochemical parameters. Increased thio-barbituric acid reactive substances levels were observed under exposu

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/cyanophyta-recorded-in-erbil-kurdistan-region-of-iraq/ 2013-04-11 2018-12-22 Introduction The1 may be regard as the first one who did a detail study on algae in Iraq as he studied phytoplankton in Razzah and Al-Habbaniyah. However (2 and 3) did published a periliminary study on algae arround Baghddad, mesopotamia and Kurdistan respectively. Concurrently with estabilshing different universities in different parts of Iraq during seventy last century attention were given to algal studies in parallel with other branches of sciences.Tens of papers and M.Sc thesis were

..]]> Two hundred fourty four species of blue green algae have been listed and recorded in this investigation. The listed species belong to five main groups of cyanophyta, making up all together fourty six genus. It was found that blue green algae in Erbil represented (54%) of Iraqi blue green algae, and (11%) of all known algae in Iraq so far.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/a-review-of-dichlorvos-toxicity-in-fish/ 2013-02-25 2018-12-22 Introduction Use of pesticide has become a necessary evil for developing countries like India where it is estimated that approximately 30% of its crop yield valued at Rs.60,000 crores are lost due to pest attack each year.1 Amongst others, organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are the most commonly used pesticides in the world due to their quick degradation.2 Unfortunately, OPs lack target specificity and can cause severe, long lasting population effects on terrestrial and aquat

..]]> Among the wide majority of pesticides, dichlorvos (2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate), a organophosphate compound, is commonly used as agricultural insecticide. It is extremely toxic to non target organisms like fish and hampers fish health through impairment of metabolism, sometimes leading to death. As one of the few organophosphates still registered for use, dichlorvos has elicited worldwide concern for many reasons. This study is a review of potential adverse effects of dichlorvos in fis

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/microbial-contamination-of-community-pond-water-in-dibrugarh-district-of-assam/ 2013-03-06 2018-12-22 Introduction With two thirds of the earth's surface covered by water and the human body consisting of 75 percent of it, it is evidently clear that water is one of the prime elements responsible for life on earth. Our drinking water today is far from being pure, contains bacteria, viruses, inorganic minerals (making the water hard) and a chemical cocktail that is unsuitable (if not deadly) for human consumption. The particular group in this regard is the coliforms which are consider

..]]> Our drinking water today, far from being pure, contains bacteria, viruses, inorganic minerals and a chemical cocktail that is unsuitable for human consumption. A study was undertaken with the objectives of evaluating the viable coliforms along with other water born bacteria in pond water environment. Water samples were collected from three community ponds of Dibrugarh district which are used mostly for bathing, watering livestock as well as drinking under water crises condition. Bacteria from co

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/seasonal-variation-of-some-physico-chemical-characteristics-of-three-major-rivers-in-imphal-manipur-a-comparative-evaluation/ 2013-04-12 2018-12-22 Introduction Water, by means of its physical, chemical and biological characteristics, reflects the significance as potent ecological factor and quality for sustenance. However, the increasing anthropogenic influences in recent years, in and around aquatic ecosystem and their catchment areas have contributed to a large extent to various nutrient enrichment which leads to deterioration of the water quality. The increasing trend of nutrient enrichment in the system accelerates eutrophication an

..]]> Documentation on water quality based on seasonal distribution pattern of physic-chemical characteristics of the three major rivers flowing in Imphal, Manipur were carried out during July, 2011 to June, 2012. Three main seasons were classified based on the ombothermic information for ten years weather data of Imphal. Significant seasonal variations of the different parameters were observed and the study has a great value in terms of river ecosystem as well as water quality in different seasons.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/drinking-water-assessment-of-4-locations-from-ghaziabad-uttar-pradesh/ 2013-01-21 2018-12-22 Introduction The district of Ghaziabad is situated in the middle of Ganga-Yamuna doab. It lies on the Grand Trunk road about a mile east of the Hindon river in Latitude 280 40' North and Longitude 770 25' East, 19 Kms. east of Delhi.1 Since a few years, drinking water problem has increased in the area. In this study, drinking water samples have been collected from 4 random locations from the area. Different parameters were examined using Indian Standards2 to

..]]> In this study drinking water samples from 4 different locations in Ghaziabad were collected by random grab sampling. These were analyzed for physiochemical and elemental parameters. The parameters tested were pH, Nitrate, Fluoride, Chloride, Sulphate, Total Dissolved solids, Hardness, Alkalinity, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Boron, Zinc, Selenium, Manganese, Iron, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic and Mercury.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/the-seasonal-variation-in-ionic-composition-of-pond-water-of-lumding-assam-india/ 2012-12-27 2018-12-22 Introduction The term ionic composition means conductivity of water. Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to pass an electrical current. Conductivity in water is affected by the presence of inorganic dissolved solids such as chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate anions (ions that carry a negative charge) or sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and aluminum cations (ions that carry a positive charge). Organic compounds like oil, phenol, alcohol, and sugar do not conduct electrica

..]]> Ionic composition of water is an important parameter to determine the quality of water. The seasonal variations in TDS and conductivity are mainly due to the ionic composition of water. In the present study, the seasonal variations in TDS and conductivity of freshwater pond of Lumding were studied during the year 2010-2011. A positive correlation between TDS and conductivity was observed.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/physico-chemical-assesment-of-groundwater-in-indore-city/ 2013-03-29 2018-12-22 Introducton Groundwater is one of earth’s most vital renewable and widely distributed resources as well as an important source of water supply, throughout the world. In India, most of the population depends on the groundwater as it is the only source of drinking water supply.1 The groundwater is believed to be comparatively much clean and free from pollution than surface water. It can become contaminated naturally or because of numerous types of human activities. Residentia

..]]> The present work deals with the assessment of the ground water of some selected area of the Indore city. The investigation was carried out in the month of March and April-2012. The sites were selected to cover the Indore city including residential, commercial, industrial and agriculture area. Various parameters were studied and compared with the IS specification. Some parameters have been found undesirable in some location, mainly Kabir Khedi and Pologround area which need proper attention. Rest

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/biodiversity-of-rhizospheric-soil-bacteria-and-arbuscular-mycorrhizal-am-fungi-in-some-of-the-wild-medicinal-legumes-of-barak-valley/ 2013-03-25 2018-12-21 Introduction Leguminous plants are abundant in Barak Valley, where they grow in barren soils and drysites that are unsuited for most crops. Medicinal plants are the rich heritage of country serving the age old medicinal system i.e. Ayurveda. Despite being so important these plants have been totally neglected as far as biofertilizers are concerned. For their utilization, medicinal plants are indiscriminately taken from wild habitats causing their depletion andextinction. Pertaining to the negl

..]]> Present investigation was aimed to isolate and study the rhizobacteria and AM fungi from rhizosphere of wild legumes: Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant), Crotolaria pallida (Sunhemp),Cassia tora (Sickle pod) and Desmodium. The molecular characterization of four bacterial isolates were done. Four bacterial species Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus aerophilus, Microbacterium laevaniformans and Staphylococcus xylosus were isolated from strains M1, RT, D5 and D7 respectively. Also, the distribution of AM f

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/hydro-biological-characteristics-of-some-semi-intensive-fish-culture-ponds-of-lumding-town-of-nagaon-district-assam/ 2012-12-28 2018-12-21 Introduction Lumding is situated in Nagaon District of Assam and lies between 25045/- 26045 North latitudes and 91050/ -93020 /East Latitudes. Lumding is the second biggest town in Nagaon district of Assam. A large section of the people of Lumding depends on Agriculture, Poultry, and Fishery etc. as their means of livelihood. There are about 171 fish ponds constructed and stocked with fish in Lumding and its adjacent area. Some of these are not utilized to its full potential. Studies on physi

..]]> Hydrobiological assessment is useful for assessing the ecological quality of aquatic ecosystem since biological communities integrate the environmental effects of water chemistry. Ten fish ponds from Lumding town, which were under semi-intensive culture practice, were selected for hydrobiological investigations. Physico-chemical properties were studied for a period of two years from July 2009 to June 2011.Some selected parameters like pH, dissolve oxygen, free carbon dioxide, TDS, total alkalini

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/seasonal-variation-of-zooplankton-population-with-reference-to-water-quality-of-iril-river-in-imphal/ 2013-04-15 2018-12-21 Introduction The potential of rivers as good  habitats for ichthyo-fauna seems degraded  with onslaught of anthropogenic interference impairing the quality and quantity of river water. The Manipur Central Valley districts are endowed with many wetlands which are often connected with rivers and as such the rivers pose important source of fish resources. The recent changes in water quality impair the potential of the rivers to a significant degree. The Iril river, which is ver

..]]> The zooplankton population of Iril river of Imphal valley of Manipur was investigated with reference to water quality. The fish biodiversity potential of the river remain intake despite the sub-urban exposure of the river. Since plankton play a great  food chain role for fish community, knowing the population of zooplankton as secondary resource is needed. Deterioration of water quality in urban area remain, in most cases, a basic feature. The present investigation endeavour to establis

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/chlorpyrifos-toxicity-in-fish-a-review/ 2013-02-15 2018-12-21 Introduction Chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl-O-3,5,6-trichlor-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate; CPF) is a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide (OP) that is commercially used to control foliar insects that affect agricultural crops1 and subterranean termites2 CPF, since it was first introduced into the marketplace in 1965, has been used globally as an insecticide to control pests agriculturally and in the home. It is the second largest selling OP and found to be more toxic to fish than organochlorin

..]]> Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide (OP) which is commercially used for more than a decade to control insect pest. It is the second largest selling OP and found to be more toxic to fish than organochlorine compounds. CPF passes via air drift or surface runoff into natural waters, where it is accumulated in different organisms living in water, especially in fish, thus making it vulnerable to several prominent effects. CPF is known to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, ca

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/phytochemical-analysis-of-hot-petroleum-ether-extracts-of-piper-nigrum/ 2013-03-23 2018-12-21 Introduction Piper nigrum, belong to family piperaceae is a monoecious, perennial climbing herb, native of Southern India and Srilanka, cultivated in tropical regions.1 It is found in vast altitudinal diversity and shows great adaptability to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions which leads to interspecies diversity.2 Various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial,3 analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, CNS depressant,4&nbs

..]]> The genus Piper belongs to family piperaceae which has over 700 species distributed in both hemispheres. The piperaceae family is a source of many biologically active photochemical with tremendous potential for medicinal uses. A wide range of secondary metabolites mainly alkaloids, amides and terpenes are reported from the various species of piper which are of great economical and medicinal importance. This paper reports the isolation of various sesqueterpenes such as δ–eleme

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol8no1/isolation-and-characterisation-of-diazotrophic-bacteria-from-rhizosphere-of-different-rice-cultivars-of-south-assam-india/ 2013-04-17 2018-12-21 Introduction Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria have been considered as an alternative for inorganic nitrogen fertiliser for promoting plant growth (Ladha and Reddy, 2000; Park et al., 2004). Inspite of the fact that a variety of nitrogen fixing bacteria have been isolated from the rhizosphere of various crops, interest in isolating more beneficial plant growth promoting bacteria has increased recently due to their potential use as bio fertiliser (Vessey, 2003). Cultivated rice (Oryzasativa

..]]> Free living heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of 10 local and cultivated varieties of rice grown in Karimganj district of South Assam. Among the 25 isolates, 11 isolates withplant growth promoting activity were identified based on phenotypic and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The strains were identified as Shingomonasazotifigens, Pseudomonas putida, Stenotrophomonasmaltophila,Acinetobacterradioresistance, Alkaligenesfaecalis, Enterobactercloaceae subsp. dissolvens, Pantoeaag

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