mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/thermal-stability-of-copolymers-of-p-bromophenyl-acrylamide-methyl-methacrylate/ 2010-05-17 2018-11-15 Introduction It is well known that the thermal stability of polymers has been improved by copolymerization of the primary monomer with traces of a comonomer [AI-Mazroai (2000); Tirkistani (2008) and Tirkistani (2008)]. The poor thermal stability of brominated polymers, due to the weak character of the C-Br bond, has received much attention [EI-Agamey & Diab (1986) and Grassie et al., (1981)]. In this paper, bomopolymers of poly(p-bromophenyl acryiamide) (PBPA) and poly (methyl-methacr

..]]> Copolymers of p-bromophenyl acrylamide with methyl methacrylate were prepared and characterized using microanalysis and IR spectroscopy. The reactivity ratio values of the copolymerization were calculated using 1HNMR technique. Thermal analyses of the copolymers showed that the stability are intermediate between poly(P­bromo phenyl acrylamide) and poly (methyl methacrylate) homopolymers.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/the-determination-of-210pb-in-the-sediments-sedimentation-rates-from-the-terengganu-coastal-waters-malaysia/ 1970-01-01 2018-11-15 Introduction Continental margins from a link between the ocean and land is an important areas for understanding the biogeochemical cycles of heavy metals, carbon and other materials (Anderson et al., 1994; Yamada and Aono, 2003; Masuzawa et al., 2003). In addition to land-derived materials, a large quantity of particles are produced in situ by high primary production and transported away from the land to the sea through river and estuary (Kato et al., 2003). Mechanisms that promote sedimentat

..]]> Detail 210Pb analysis of two core samples collected with a gravity corer from the coastal water of Terengganu South China Sea has provided a chronology of the sediments identifying the subtle yet distinct variations in recent sedimentation. This investigation of recent sedimentation with the use of 210Pb analyses is a part of an overall study to examine and quantify past and present patterns and rates of sedimentation, revealing how deposition environments and their morphological structure trans

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/to-study-the-effect-of-leachate-treated-with-scrap-tire-shreds-and-gravel-on-soil-and-groundwater/ 2009-12-23 2018-11-15 Introduction Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management in India has always been a low priority.1 More than 90 % of the municipal solid waste is disposed off by landfilling .2  According to an estimate 45 million tonnes/year of solid waste is generated from the urban centres of India which are collected inefficiently, transported inadequately and disposed unscientifically .3 The solid waste is expected to rise to 125 million tonnes/ year in India by the year 2025.4&

..]]> Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effect of leachate on soil and groundwater sample. Collected leachate sample was passed through Test Cell-1 consisting of scrap-tire-shreds (200 mm) and gravel layer (300 mm) with total thickness 500 mm of leachate collection layer. The treatment method which adopted consisted of a combined bed of a scrap-tire-shreds and gravel, that was quite effective in the reduction of various physico-chemical parameters of leachate of environmental concer

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/used-lubricating-oils-recycling-using-solvent-extraction/ 2010-05-18 2018-11-15 Introduction Used oils such as engine lubricating oil, hydraulic fluids and gear oils used in cars, bikes can pollute the environment. Recycling used oil is becoming the preferred way of handling used oil to protect the environment and conserve natural resources.1 Billions of gallons of used automobile lubricating oil are generated every year in the world. A number of studies to remove various pollutants existing in the used lubricating oil and simultaneously to reuse these resources

..]]> Huge amounts of used lubricating oils from automotive sources are disposed of as a harmful waste into the environment. For this reason, means to recover and reuse these wastes need to be found. Valuable lubricant could be recovered from disposed oil. More importantly, oil may be the most important factor to influence the shape of society in the 21st century. This paper discusses the regeneration of used lubricating oils.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/biodegradation-of-formaldehyde-under-saline-conditions-by-a-moderately-halophilic-bacterial-consortium/ 2010-05-27 2018-11-15 Introduction Formaldehyde is an important intermediate compound used in a large variety of processes in the chemical industry. It is frequently found in wastewaters and waste gases causing environmental pollution Prado et al., (2003). Formaldehyde is also used in the industrial processing of wood, paper production, leather, resin and glue (Krick et al., (1980)). Formaldehyde is found in wastewaters in monomeric (free) form, as well as its derivatives such as ether, urea, phenolic condensates

..]]> A bacterial consortium isolated from saline environment was used for in the degradation of formaldehyde under saline conditions. Formaldehyde degradation was studied with the bacterial consortium at various NaCl concentrations from 3 % to 7%. The consortium utilized formaldehyde (100-400mg/L), and degraded within 96 h. The degradation of formaldehyde was optimum at 5 % NaCl (w/v). The removal efficiency of formaldehyde could be enhanced by the addition of growth promoting substances namely yeast

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/impact-of-climate-change-on-agriculture-an-indian-perspective/ 2010-03-12 2018-11-13 Introduction The unimpeded growth of greenhouse gas emissions is raising the earth’s temperature. The consequences include the atmosphere will eventually lead to changes in the global climate, and in the climates of regions around the world, melting glaciers, more precipitation, more and more extreme weather events, and shifting seasons and ultimately will threaten to food security everywhere (IFPRI,2009). The average global surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4-3oC

..]]> India is the seventh largest country of the world. In India temperature will increase 3oC to 6oC and rainfall will increase 15-30% in 21 Centaury. While the global surface temperature is projected to increase by 1-4oC from 2100 for low emission scenario and 2.5-5.8oC for higher emission scenario in the atmosphere. This Paper has been prepared with the objects of provide key information on the impacts of climate on Indian agriculture. The greenhouses gas emissions increases day by day in the atmo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/phytosociological-study-of-vegetation-of-some-selected-arid-region-of-the-thar-desert-of-rajasthan-india/ 2010-02-11 2018-11-15 Introduction Phytosociology is a qualitative study of the structure of the vegetation of a particular area emphasizing quantitative relationship of a few dominant species which control the community and there by the occurrence of a large number of rare specie. From the terrestrial ecology point of view the vegetation is an important parameter which gives an insight of the status of Ecosystem. Therefore, vegetation pattern has been considered as very significant parameter of assessment of an e

..]]> The present paper deals with phytosociological study in the sandy plains of the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. Panchpadra, Balotra and Nakoda of Barmer district of Rajasthan represent some unique semi-arid and arid vegetation characteristic. Barmer lies in the southern part of North-west Rajasthan. Barmer district is situated at 710 35’ 49.59" E longitude and 260 13’ 51.48" N latitude. The entire region of Barmer district is hot and sandy. Generally the vegetatio

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/tribal-life-in-the-environment-and-biodiversity-of-tripura-india/ 2010-05-03 2018-11-13 Introduction Natural products have always played an important role in human society for food, health care system and economy. Human societies grow with nature for thousand of generation.1,2 A setting for cultural process, activities and beliefs system by natural environment provides to develop subsequently, landscape from a diverse cultural archive of human endeavors.3 Different cultures interact with nature in different ways; local environment and biodiversity have great impact on human life

..]]> Tripura is a landlocked small hilly state of north-eastern India and part of richest reservoir of biodiversity. Aggressive civilization, rapid growth of industrialization and pollution results loss of different species from the earth causes danger to biodiversity. Different tribes of Tripura still lives on and near forest and depend on local flora and fauna for the food, shelter, medication and ritual ceremonies. Environmental hazards and destruction of forest resulted permanent loss of differen

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/a-correlation-study-on-physico-chemical-characteristics-of-ground-water-in-thane-belapur-industrial-area-mumbai/ 2009-07-09 2018-11-19 Introduction Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human need and therefore, a basic right. Contaminated water jeopardizes both. The physical and social health of all people and it is an affront to human dignity (MNB Momba et. al 2006). Increasing living standards, Growing population, rapid industrialization and wide sphere of human activities have brought greater stress on land and water, which in turn results in steadily increase in the demand for water resources. (Venkatasubramani

..]]> The Physico-chemical characteristics of Ground water in Thane-Belapur Industrial Area has been studied to examine its suitability for drinking purpose.the suitability of ground water has been evaluated with reference to Indian standards. A correlation analysis has been carried out among the various parameters. The analysis is very useful in the rapid study of ground water quality. The study revealed that many of Ground water samples in this area were non-potable.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/physico-chemical-and-inorganic-contaminants-examination-in-food-grains-for-high-yield-and-yield-stability/ 2010-06-22 2018-11-06 Introduction Food grain yield is the main function of many components which, when modified have direct influence on the crop productivity as higher grain yields can be obtained by early sowing (Darwinkel et al., 1977; Arain et al., 2001; Sial et al., 2000), Temperatures above normal alter plant functions and productivity (Chowdhry, et al., 1978. Fischer, 1984: Sial et al., 2001: Araus, 2001), short heat stresses (≥35°C) in the post-anthesis period can significantly reduce gra

..]]> Food grain quality components like visual quality, nutritional quality, including digestibility and big-availability of nutrients, anti-nutritional factors, milling characteristics, cooking quality, consumer acceptability, and storage stability deserves an important place in evaluation of new varieties as high yield and yield stability. Grain produced in a farmer’s field passes through several transformations before it is consumed in the form of food. As it ensure that these transforma

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/reclamation-of-used-lubricating-oils/ 2010-05-20 2018-11-19 Introduction A huge amount of used lubricating oils are produced worldwide. The different sources of used lubricating oils are railway workshops, industries, ship garages, defense machinery, automobiles workshops, etc. All types of lubricating oils in service in automobiles and process industries become contaminated and lose their performance due to changes in some of their properties. Therefore, such oils must be removed as used oil from the service as frequently as necessary. How to handle

..]]> Lubricating oils are widely used to reduce friction and wear by interposing a film of material between rubbing surfaces. However, the used lubricant oil does not evaporate and less subject to biodegradation. It requires proper treatment before it can be discharged to the environment. Recently, there is an increase tendency of using used lubricating oil as re-refining feedstock on a worldwide basis. Re-refining of used lubricating oil is an intelligent option for any country, more so for India, a

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/microbial-degradation-of-waste-oil-sludge-found-near-the-automobile-service-station/ 2010-12-24 2018-11-20 Introduction Oil pollution is a serious environmental problem throughout the world. This pollution may be caused due to various activities in oil exploration that include geophysical explorations, drilling of wells, pressure control and management of oil and natural gas gushing from the well, transportation and refining of crude oil etc. Crude oil is a homogenous but complex mixture of hundreds of different hydrocarbons, which widely vary in their characteristics. It is reported that certain

..]]> Biodegradation is a process in which microorganisms are committed to transform toxic chemicals into less toxic or harmless. Three bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Micrococcus sp., and Clostridium sp. were isolated from contaminated soil found near the automobile service station and tested for their ability to degrade the waste oil sludge found near automobile service station. The results collectively indicating that these bacterial strains have considerable potential for bioremedia

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/application-of-groundwater-model-in-coastal-aquifer-a-case-study-of-veraval-area-of-gujarat/ 2010-06-28 2018-11-19 Introduction Salt water intrusion, or encroachment is defined by Freeze and Cherry (1979) as the migration of salt water into fresh water aquifers under the influence of ground water development. Most large sources of fresh groundwater are in close proximity to the sea, to natural bodies of saline groundwater or to salts from effluent wastes released by human activities. Saline water in aquifers may be derived from any of the following sources: Encroachment of seawater in coastal area

..]]> The development and management of fresh ground water resources in coastal aquifers are seriously constrained by the presence of seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion is a process that occurs in virtually all coastal aquifers, where they are in hydraulic continuity with seawater. This process is caused by the higher density of sea water than freshwater. Over the years, many models have been developed to represent and study the problems related to seawater intrusion. Numerical models provide effe

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/effect-of-pesticide-degradation-on-the-growth-of-cotton-variety-rch2/ 2009-11-23 2018-11-02 Introduction The pesticides are widely used in the agriculture and households throughout the world. The total pesticide consumption was estimated to 5 billion pounds by the year 2000-2001 (Report of US Environmental Protection Agency). In India the usage of pesticide is tremendous that is 46195.16 metric tones by the year 2000 (Report of Indian pesticide registration committee). The pesticides include various chemicals such as orgaanochlorides, organomercurials, organophosphates etc. These ar

..]]> The pesticides are known for the control of pests as well as on the other hand these are hazards for human, animal, plants and microbial life. To degrade the pesticides, biodegradation is an efficient method. The Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) which are associated with the rhizosphere of the plant are found to be beneficial for the pesticide degradation in the soil. In the present investigation, these bacteria were used for the pesticide degradation. The effect of pesticide degradat

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/design-and-life-cycle-cost-analysis-of-a-sapv-system-to-electrify-a-rural-area-household-in-india/ 2010-03-17 2018-11-13 Introduction Photovoltaic (PV) energy production is recognized as an important part of the future energy generation mix.1 Because it is non-polluting, free in its availability, and is of high reliability. Therefore, these facts make the PV energy resource attractive for many applications, especially in rural and remote areas of most of the developing countries.2 India lies in the sunny belt of the world. The scope for generating power and thermal applications using solar energy is

..]]> This paper presents a study on a stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) system to provide the required electricity for a single residential household in India. The complete design of the suggested system is carried out, such that the site radiation data and the electrical load data of a typical household in the considered site are taken into account during the design steps. Also, the life cycle cost (LCC) analysis is conducted to assess the economic viability of the system. The results of the study enc

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/esterification-of-phthalic-anhydride-with-n-butanol-using-eco-friendly-solid-acid-catalyst-sulfamic-acid/ 2010-04-14 2018-11-13 Introduction Sulfamic acid is strong mineral acid existing in crystalline form .It is cheap. It is used to clean equipments and vessels in food industry to remove deposits, scales and oxide films .It is also used to sulfonate organic substances like alcohol, phenol etc. As catalyst it can replace sulfuric acid which is widely used for esterification. Use of sulfamic acid as a catalyst for esterification has many advantages over sulphuric acid and other catalyst. Aim of present work was to inv

..]]> Present study involves investigation of Sulfamic acid as a catalyst for esterification of Phthalic anhydride with n- Butanol. Effect of different operating parameters such as molar ratio of reactants, catalyst quantity and operating temperature has been studied with an aim of optimization. The optimum parameters for this process have been found to be 1:.2 molar ratio of Phthalic anhydride to n-butanol, catalyst concentration of 6%(by weight) of reaction mixture and 130-180 degrees C reaction tem

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/bioaccumulation-of-sodium-potassium-calcium-and-magnesium-in-rohu-labeo-rohita-ham-fry/ 2009-05-11 2018-11-05 Introduction The dissolved solids of water mass influence the chemical density of the environment; abundance and composition of the biotic community.¹ The alkaline and alkali earth metals are considered important in aquaculture ecosystem, but their amount if excess is harmful to the aquatic animals. Alkaline metals such as Li, Na, and K, and alkali-earth metal such as Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra have an approximately equal toxicity for fish.2 Magnesium, calcium and

..]]> The bioaccumulation of alkali and alkaline earth metals such as Na, K, Ca and Mg were studied in the fry of rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.), a species of freshwater aquaculture importance in India. The experiments were conducted in laboratory conditions exposing the rohu eggs up to fry stage in one experiment; and fry to advanced fry stage in other experiment, to different concentrations of the salts. Sodium chloride (0.15, 1.5, 15, and 150 mg/l), potassium chloride (0.015, 0.15, and 1.5 mg/l), magnes

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/a-latest-study-for-toxicity-of-fluoride-in-karera-and-narwar-blocks-of-shivpuri-district-m-p/ 2010-06-22 2018-11-19 Introduction Many of the states of India have alarmingly high concentration of fluoride in their water resources as reported in bulk of literature. The situation of Madhya Pradesh is also same like other states of the country. Excessive intake of fluoride leads to fluorosis which affects teeth and bones. Moderate amount lead to dental affects, but long term ingestion of large amount can lead to severe skeletal deformities called as skeletal fluorosis. Paradoxically low level of fluoride int

..]]> If the fluoride (F -) concentration in the drinking water is over and above the permissible limits (1.5mg/l) then it leads to severe human health hazards like skeletal and dental fluorosis, affecting millions of people in the world. Many states of India have high concentration of fluoride in their water resources; Madhya Pradesh is one of them. In order to investigate the concentration of fluoride in potable water of Shivpuri district (M.P.), drinking water samples from 7 villages of Karera and

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/isolation-of-soil-mycoflora-of-gangtok-india/ 2010-03-27 2018-11-01 Introduction The quality and quantity of organic materials present in the soil have a direct effect on the fungal population of the soil. The development of microfungi is especially favoured by soils having an acidic reaction and where the aerobic condition is likely to be present near the surface. Fungi play a focal role in nutrient cycling by regulating soil biological activity. However the role at which organic matter is decomposed by the microbes is interrelated to the chemical composi

..]]> Isolation of soil mycoflora from Gangtok was observed by serial dilution method, In investigation period 146 colonies of 22 fungal species were observed the maximum percentage contribution of Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger (12.32%) ,was followed by A. flavus , A. luchensis, Mucor sp. (6.84%) and minimum percentage contribution of Cladosporium sphaerospermum (0.68%). The maximum fungal species belongs to the Ascomycotina 92 colonies, followed by Deuteromycotina 29 colonies, Zygomycotina 18 colon

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/physicochemical-studies-of-ground-water-at-different-areas-in-jalgaon-city-m-s-india/ 2010-04-27 2018-11-01 Introduction Water is the most vital source for all kinds of life on the earth.1 In India about 96 % of water resources is used for agriculture, 3% for domestic use and 1 % for industrial activity.2 In India ponds, rivers and ground waters are used for domestic and agriculture purposes. The quality of water may be described according to their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics.3 However contamination of ground water used for drinking purpose can affect public health.4 so th

..]]> Present work deals with the study of physicochemical parameters of ground water samples in Jalgaon city at different sampling stations during 2008 – 2009 in pre monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon seasons. The observed values of various physicochemical parameters of water samples were compared with standard values recommended by W.H.O. It was found that the concentration of total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, pH, zinc, total hardness and total dissolved solids are within permissible li

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/eudrilus-eugeniae-as-a-putative-candidate-for-textile-industry-effluent-polluted-soil-bioremediation/ 2010-06-22 2018-11-20 Introduction Textile industries consume large amount of water (60-4001/kg of fabric) and chemicals for wet processing.1 The chemical reagents used in textile sector are diverse in chemical composition ranging from inorganic to organic. The inputs of wide range of chemicals, which, if not incorporated in the final products (fabric), become waste and turn out to be part of water ecology. Generally, textile effluent is colored, varying in hydraulic flow rate, having high; pH, temperatur

..]]> Efforts were taken to understand the impact of textile effluent on the population of earthworms mimicking the condition prevalent in Textile belt of Tamil Nadu where effluents are drained into the cultivable land through the water stream. Categories of earthworms were maintained and drained with calculated amounts of raw, chemically and biologically treated effluents for a period of 8 weeks in which fecundity and growth were recorded. There was significantly high fecundity in the soil treated wi

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/identification-and-classification-of-some-freshwater-invertebrates-in-anasagar-lake-of-ajmer/ 2010-04-19 2018-11-02 Introduction Limnology is the study of hydrology that studies inland water (running and standing water, fresh and saline water), including their biological, physical, chemical, geological and hydrological aspects. This includes study of lake, pond, rivers, streams, wetland and ground water. Limnology: An interdisciplinary science with multifarious dimensions has emerged which deals with the study of structural and functional attributes of the lentic fresh water environment and problems associ

..]]> “Limnology” a new interdisciplinary science with multifarious dimensions has emerged which deals with the study of structural and functional attributes of the lentic fresh water environment and problems associated with them. Limnology has immense and universal significance for the citizen of today, all around the world. Streams, rivers, wetlands and lakes are home for many small animals called macro invertebrates. The term macro invertebrates describe those animals that have

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/industrial-hazardous-waste-management-studies-of-nitrogenous-chemical-fertilizer-factory-in-vijapur-district-guna-m-p-india/ 2009-12-04 2018-11-20 Introduction Hazardous wastes are man made activities, and adversely impacts human life and environment. The adverse impacts caused due to the indiscriminate disposal of hazardous wates (HWs). A number of potentially hazardous chemicals are now produced as finished products or by products.More than six million known chemicals, used in different Indian industries. Management of hazardous wastes has become a major concern in India as haphazard dumping of hazardous wastes results in severe envir

..]]> Nitrogenous fertilizer industry generates high concentration of ammonia, urea, air emission (SOx, NOx, and COx SPM), ETP, sludge and spent catalysts wastes. These industrial hazardous waste of the NFL in Vijaipur are considered highly toxic in therefore disposal of such wastes needs proper attention so as to reduce possible environmental hazards. Industrial growth has resulted in generation of huge volume of hazardous wastes in the country. Hazardous waste management (HWM) is a very important is

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/energy-analysis-and-carbon-credit-earned-by-solar-cooker/ 2010-05-25 2018-11-05 Introduction Cooking is major necessity for people all over the world. The problem arises when fuel is either scarce or highly expensive. The problems are encountered more pronounced in the developing countries, and particularly in villages and rural areas. Cooking accounts for a major share of energy consumption in developing countries. Most of the cooking energy requirement is met by non-commercial fuels such as firewood, agricultural residues or animal dung in rural areas. The cutting of f

..]]> This chapter presents the study that been carried out to evaluate sensible heating of different load for box type solar cooker. The carbon dioxide mitigation, conventional fuel saved and carbon credit earned as per Kyoto protocol also have been estimated. The pay back period are also estimated for different conventional fuels. If this type of project is installed only in 20% of the Indian rural areas then the carbon credit earned by the system is USD 415 million (Indian Rs. 199 crores) annually.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/studies-on-the-compatibility-of-trichoderma-viride-with-certain-agro-chemicals/ 2010-03-17 2018-11-01 Introduction Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent. Trichoderma viride is a filamentous fungus that is widely distributed in the soil, plant material, decaying vegetation, and wood that can be used as a bio fungicide1,2. It is used for seed and soil treatment for suppression

..]]> Trichoderma viride is a biocontrol agent which shows antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens. Trichoderma viride was more compatible with fertilizers and pesticides, and can be safely used with chemical fertilizers that give major nutrients for any crop. The latest insecticide, Lambda cyhalothrin (second-generation synthetic pyrethroid), was more compatibile than conventional pesticides. If the fungus is mixed with these chemicals, the resultant efficacy may not be severe

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/physiological-ill-effect-of-environmental-pollution-due-to-industrial-developments/ 2010-06-05 2018-11-20 Introduction Sound pressures and physiological effect, awareness, the basic principle of noise control are education of the general pollution, effective legislation, control of noise at source and its transmission and the use of personal protective devices. The ignorant workers working in such quarry blasting. The Central Pollutions Control Board (CPCB) has asked for a ban on all crackers with a noise level of 90dBA and above. It has also recommended that no one should be allowed burn crac

..]]> Modern life has given rise to new form of pollution, called noise pollution. No doubt noise is a normal phenomenon of life and is deemed to be one of the most effective alarm systems in man’s physical environment. It is potentially a serious signal and grave to the environmental health. The modern civilization creates more and more noise, because of the development of industry, machinery and technology. It has been reported that noise inside the factories can become a health hazard cau

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/public-participation-in-environmental-decision-making-with-special-reference-to-project-in-rajasthan/ 2010-06-29 2018-11-09 Introduction Development, is the process of producing or creating something new or more advanced; a new or advanced product- according to the Oxford learners’ dictionary. Development has spread to different parts of the world, though its scale varies with each country. “One of the fundamental prerequisites of the achievement of sustainable development”, says Chapter 23 of Agenda 21 (the programmatic declaration emerging from the 1992 Rio de Janeiro UN Conferen

..]]> Development is a continuous process and is essential to enable the population to attain a better standard of life. But it should not be at the cost of the environment. The challenge of a development pattern striving to harmonize economics with social and environmental needs requires active citizen participation in public issues. Public participation in decisions about development is fundamental to achieving lasting and possible solutions. Using case study from Rajasthan, this paper identifies th

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/a-preliminary-study-of-some-physico-chemical-and-microbiological-characteristics-of-a-typical-urban-soil/ 2010-02-04 2018-11-13 Introduction Soil is an organized mixture of organic matter, living organisms, air and water. Various types of soils are found in town and cities.1 Diffuse soil contamination has often been neglected in scientific literature, as most studies focus on contaminants from point-sources (either of industrial or agricultural origin). However, soil pollution from diffuse sources is recognized as one of the major soil threats. Deliberate disposal and spills from point sources have caused e

..]]> Surface soil are the weathered end products of various soil forming factors, which involve action of climate and living organisms on a specific soil parent material. Urban soils pollution and its effect or the characterization of an urban soil is yet to receive its due attention. The diffuse contamination has been revealed to be an important source for modification of the soil of the area.Contaminants reaching the soil disturbs its structure and modify its physico- chemical properties. They also

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/idol-immersion-and-physico-chemical-properties-of-south-gujarat-rivers/ 2010-02-26 2018-11-09 Introduction An idol of Lord Ganesh is worshipped with all rituals during this Ganesh-chaturthi. The time span of festival may vary from one and half day to five days, seven days or ten days also and idol are immersed in lotic or lantic water bodies. We have carried out study in South Gujarat where Ganesh idol immersion takes place in huge quantity with full of rejoice, but due to that water quality gets affected at alarming rate. For such pollution effects by idol immersion many researches h

..]]> Ganesh chaturthi is one of the main festivals celebrated in India, it is the most celebrated in western India. After predetermined time idol is immersed in water bodies every year. As the extent of idol immersion increases with increasing population with limited water bodies hence water pollution increases, which is alarming situation. In present study total five sampling stations were identified during current year (2009) with respect to idol immersion sites from different cities of South Gujar

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/water-quality-assessment-of-resources-of-bijapur-karnataka/ 2010-06-18 2018-11-19 Introduction The ever growing demands for water resources coupled with the rate at which much of the earths fresh waters are being adversely affected by human activities, demonstrate a developing crisis in the not too distinct future if environmental water resources are not appropriately managed.1 Bijapur is not an exception to this future crisis. Indeed, Bijapur with an average rain fall of 553 mm with 37.2 rainy days, is a city located in an area that suffers critically from a shor

..]]> The evaluation of physico chemical parameters of ground water of Bijapur city was carried out seasonally to study the quality of water and suitability for domestic purpose. Talabs (Lakes), Bowdis (Wells) (constructed by Adil Shahi Sultans in 16th &17th century ) and bore wells are water resources of the city. Ten samples were collected from different sources at different locations during summer, rainy season and winter season of 2009. The parameters studied were pH, EC, TDS, Turbidity, F

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/unconventional-energy-source-green-jobs-global-perspective-and-indian-scenario/ 2010-04-30 2018-11-13 Introduction In the last few decades, use of conventional energy has come under increasing attack for causing environmental pollution such as acid – rain, green house effect. Inevitably attention has been focused on alteration of these energy sources for producing electricity in the folk of reducing environmental pollution. The renewable energy source in particular, have received special attention because they do not have fuel cycle and are regarded as environmentally more benign. R

..]]> Unconventional energy system are generally characterized by high initial cost & low maintenance cost as compared with relatively low initial cost & high operating cost of conventional system. The comparison of this system is based on monetary outlet of the users ignoring the non – economic factors like social, environmental status value novelty value, freedom from utility grid etc. investing in unconventional energy will reduce long term costs & everlasting sour

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/use-of-p53-protein-or-its-homologues-isolated-from-freshwater-bivalves-as-a-pollution-marker/ 2010-03-23 2018-11-19 Introduction Bivalve mussels are important ecological, economical and cultural components of many aquatic communities. Being filter-feeders, they transfer energy to higher trophic levels and are used as monitors of water quality and contaminants.1 p53 protein is product of p53 gene which is a tumor suppressor gene that is fundamental in cell cycle control and apoptosis. Habitat pollution induced mutations in p53 have been shown to cause leukemia in soft-shelled clams Mya arenaria inhabitin

..]]> p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is fundamental in cell cycle control and apoptosis. Bivalve Parreysia corrugata is an important component of freshwater ecosystem of Indian sub-continent. In the present study an attempt was made to check whether p53 protein and its homologues that are extracted and isolated from filter feeder mussels; can be used as pollution markers.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/assessment-of-roadside-ambient-air-pollution/ 2010-04-14 2018-11-13 Introduction One of the important environmental problems as the consequence of the development growth is the air pollution. Air is required as a resource for life, therefore it is indispensable for us to check and control its contamination due to human activities. The increase in transport sector in the last few years has promoted a rise of the atmospheric pollution in the cities, becoming one of the main problems. Motor vehicles and other types of gasoline powered transportation as wel

..]]> Air pollution is one of the major consequences of environmental problems. Transport sector contributes nearly 70% of air pollution, thus proving to be the major culprit .The paper brings out the emission of particulate matter Particulates alternatively referred to as particulate matter (PM) or fine particles, are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in a gas. PM is a major component of air pollution that threatens both our health and environment. The study also brings out the relation bet

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/premonsoon-assessment-of-heavy-metals-in-surface-aquatic-system-of-korba-district-c-g/ 2010-01-29 2018-11-09 Introduction Natural water resources are essential for the survive, existence and development of the human being. The main water sources are surface, grounds and rain water. Safe water, like air and food the primary need of flora and fauna system, without it any type life can’t sustained. In earlier time either waster sources ground and rain considered as the purest form of water. Now, due to large industrialization, over mining , anthropogenic activities uncontrolled population, in

..]]> Water is essential component of earth planet. The chief sources of water in the earth is surface and ground waster. Owing to anthropogenic activities natural waster sources are continue polluted. In this context, we have undertaken to the detection of concentration and presence of some selected heavy metals such as Hg, Zn, Al and Fe in different surface water, especially preferred open ponds in premonsoon season (March 2009 to April 2009). The measurement was done by ICPA method. The results are

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/physico-chemical-analysis-of-sewage-discharged-into-varuna-river-at-varanasi/ 2010-04-16 2018-11-09 Introduction Water is the prime necessity for all living beings. The study of degradation of water quality is prime importance because it affects both aquatic and terrestrial lives. Water of Varuna river flowing through Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, is extensively used for drinking, bathing, toilet flushing kitchen, laundry uses, lawn watering, automobile and washing etc. municipal, agricultural and industrial purposes. The average urban consumption of water in urban areas is estimated

..]]> The present work deals with the analysis of physicochemical characteristics of municipal waste water of city Varanasi. Most of such water of city flow directly by means of a system of independent drains in river Varuna. Four major nalas in different areas were selected for analysis of waste water quality of city Varanasi during 2008-2009. The result revealed that physico-chemical parameters of city sewage discharged showed quite high values of pH, temperature, alkanity, BOD, COD, Chloride, nitra

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/study-of-physico-chemical-parameters-of-dham-river-in-consequence-with-aquatic-life/ 2010-03-19 2018-11-09 Introduction Rivers are lifeline of living beings and constitute an integral part of both rural and urban community as a source of drinking water and fish culture.There are 14 major rivers in India that share 83% of the total drainage basin and contribute 85% of the total surface flow.Water used by the consumers must be free from disease causing bacteria, toxic substance and excessive amount of minerals & organic matter.1 The district Wardha is situated 76 Km away from Nagpur (M.S.

..]]> A study of Dham river water of district Wardha (M.S.) has been carried out to examine its suitability for aquatic life as well as domestic purposes. The samples from three stations viz., Pavnar Ashram (S1) , Ghorad (S2) & Morchapur (S3) were collected. The data was analysed with reference to ISI & WHO standards. It is found that the water is safe for domestic purposes & aquatic life from the point of view of levels of pH, density, surface tension, viscosity, conductance,

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/microbiological-analysis-of-tissues-of-parreysia-corrugata/ 2010-05-01 2018-11-20 Introduction Bivalves are filter feeding organisms which have the ability to uptake, accumulate and concentrate particulate matter from their surrounding environments. This capability of bivalves to uptake and concentrate the fecal coliforms (FC) from the surrounding waters can be used for the benefit of the society and assessment of public health. Use of molluscs as biological monitors for FC may be advantageous because it may provide a concentrated microbiological sample reflecting the bact

..]]> Faecal coliform counts that are indicative of water pollution were isolated and enumerated from water samples and tissues of freshwater mussels Parreysia corrugata collected from two locations in the state of Maharashtra. Results indicated that Nanded site was heavily polluted whereas Thane site was significantly pollution free.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/evaluation-of-adsorption-efficiency-of-ferronia-elephantum-fruit-shell-for-congo-red-retrieveal-from-aqueous-solution/ 2010-05-31 2018-10-30 Introduction The retrieval of color from industrial effluent is a major problem as restriction become more stringent. Effluents from textile pulp and paper industries are highly colored due to residual dyes, and thus lower the aesthetic value structure and are toxic and harmful for aquatic and human life. The presence of color in water inhibits the growth of aquatic fauna and flora by reducing light penetration. Various techniques such as chemical Coagulation Bio – sorption, Oxidati

..]]> Congo Red adsorption from an aqueous solution on Ferronia elefuntum fruit shell (FEFS) has been studied experimentally using the batch adsorption method. The operating variables are pH, initial dye concentration contact time. Adsorption isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetics model were studied. The adsorption capacity of FEFS was found to increasing with increase in temperature. Thermodynamics parameters such as “G, “H, and “S for adsorption were evaluated.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/monitoring-of-drinking-water-quality-of-gopuri-region-of-wardha-city-maharashtra/ 2010-03-02 2018-11-09 Introduction Wardha is an important city in India due to “Bapu-Kuti” of Mahatma Gandhi. The Gitai Nagar area (Gopuri) is of historical importance being surrounded by Gitai Mandir & Vishwa Shanti Stoop. Water is one of the most precious gifts of nature to mankind. A mark deterioration in water has been noticed in number of locations in the study area. Physicochemical studies on bore well water of Dohod, Gujarat were studied1. Water quality depends on Efficacy of dis

..]]> A study of water samples from the historical area, Gopuri of Wardha (M. S.) has been carried out to examine its portability for domestic purposes. The samples from three different places viz., Gitai Nagar (S1), Snehal Nagar (S2) & Laxmi Nagar (S3) were collected. The physicochemical parameters were studied. The parameters were analyzed & compared with standard values prescribed by American Public Health Association (APHA) & World Health Organization.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol5no1/physicochemical-analysis-of-drinking-water-of-gandhi-nagar-area-of-bhopal-with-special-reference-to-pollution/ 2010-04-08 2018-11-20 Introduction Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh. Water samples of bore – wells water are collected in 2 litre clean polythene Jerry – cane after flushing the bore – wells to analyse. The procedure has adopted as prescribed by APHA (1985)1 NEERI (1986).4 Pre – sterilized bottles a used to collect the D.O. & B.O.D. samples, Temperature pH of water samples has measured at the sampling stations, In the present study temperature varied

..]]> Physico – chemical analysis of bore – wells drinking water of Gandhi Nagar area of Bhopal city has studied in different seasons for one year during 2008-09. Two readings in one season have observed to analyze different parameter i.e. temperature, pH, EC, free CO2, chloride, Total alkalinity, Hardness, Ca – H and Mg – H, The result are found in the range of 26 – 29.5° 6.8 – 7.8 220 – 988 u mhos /cm, 0 – 32.8,

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