mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/behavioural-pattern-showing-mother-infant-relationship-in-rhesus-monkey-in-jammu-jk/ 2009-08-10 2018-11-06 Introduction Rhesus mother and infant relationship is the most intimate and long lasting of all the relationships Rowell et al.,1 (1964). The infants of rhesus monkeys begin life completely dependent on their mother for survival, receiving all nourishment, physical warmth and other basic biological support from her Harlow et al.,2 (1963), Hinde and Spencer-Booth3 (1967). Rhesus mothers are usually very restrictive as they restrict the movements and social contacts of their infants from approa

..]]> The present communication deals with the behavioural pattern showing relationship of Rhesus mother with their infants. The study was conducted for a period of one year on a troop consisting of 152 individuals inhabiting the Bahu Fort area which is situated on a hillock at an altitude of 325m on the bank of River Tawi, Jammu, J&K state. The investigation reveals that the adult rhesus mother showed various motherly activities both positive (such as embrace, grooming, eye contact, approachi

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/mathematical-simulation-and-energy-estimation-of-10-kw-horizontal-axis-wind-turbine-rotor-at-hilly-site-of-rgpv-bhopal-case-study/ 2009-08-20 2018-10-29 Introduction Energy extraction from wind involves very complex technology and dynamic nature of wind with continuous changing direction and speed has made the procedure more cumbersome1. The effects of drag and tip-losses should be taken into account for optimum design and peak performance prediction. Instead of conventional trial and error method to reach maximum elemental power coefficient at a radial station, it should be reached directly through analytical approach2. A relationship among

..]]> This paper deals a new method based on analytical approach. The design of rotor and its peak performance production, a blade is divided into 100 radial elements. The blade chord, its twist and its elementary power co-efficient at each station were determined. The iterative process required for the convergence of speed interference factor and for maximization of power coefficient. The design process begins right at maximum power point, rather than searching of point of maximum power and then doin

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/research-and-development-index-rdi-as-an-indicator-for-economic-development/ 2009-12-22 2018-10-29 Introduction It has been said many times over that Science and Technology is the engine of economic gowth1. Yet there has not a simple formula that correlates economic growth with science and technology or research and development. This paper is an attempt to develop a simple mathematical formula that relates economic development to research and development. Formulating a module of an economic development based on Research and Development (R&D). Fundamental Principle 1 Huma

..]]> A simple formula relating economic development to research and development has been established. The more scientific research and development a country engages in, the more its economy advances. A research and development index(RDI) has also been established. RDI can be utilized as a good indicator to determine the level of economic development of countries. That is, whether a country is very developed, medium or lowly developed.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/understanding-total-quality-management-in-context-international-and-indian-service-industry-a-literature-review/ 2009-12-19 2018-10-26 Introduction With the accelerated pace of change in the 21st Century as a result of technological opportunities, liberalization of world markets, demands for innovation, quality and speed, both manufacturing and service organizations need to readjust and realign their operations to counter all these challenges. This pace of change has increasingly forced organizations to be more outward looking, market oriented and knowledge driven. Useful tool that can help businesses build strong capabiliti

..]]> With the accelerated pace of change the organizations are striving towards delivering product and services better then their known competitor. This is essential for their survival and sustainability. In this era of rapid changes, acquisitions and mergers, fast product changes, increasing customer demands, global pressures, information technology, the organizations need to continuously measure and monitor the quality delivered to the end customer. The ever changing demands of customers further ma

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/an-assessment-of-the-demand-for-ddt-a-case-study-for-zambia/ 2009-08-31 2018-11-06 Introduction Pesticides are chemicals that have widely been acknowledged to be useful to man in a variety of ways that include a sure grantee for food supply via control of unwanted weeds and pests, safeguard for public health via eradication or reduction of harmful pests, to protection of buildings from termite attack and so on. DDT, referred to according to its trivial name, Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane, as a chemical, is classified as an organochlorine, or chlorocarbon; that is, a

..]]> The use of DDT for malaria vector control in indoor residual spray (IRS) is increasingly becoming the solution to the effective sustainable reduction in malaria prevalence. In Zambia, the Ministry of Health (MoH), Public health departments in the local authorities and even mining companies opt to use DDT in IRS. On its part, DDT, as a chemical, has well documented historical side-effects that are perceived to be hazardous to both human health and the environment. DDT use is severely restricted b

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/bioremediation-of-phenol-and-naphthalene-by-bacillus-species-and-brachybacterium-species-isolated-from-pharma-soil-sample/ 2009-11-12 2018-11-06 Introduction Chemicals are part of the modern life. They are part of all spheres of human life and used as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, detergents, fertilizers, dyes, preservatives, food additives etc. Pharmaceutical wastes produced on a daily basis may be land filled provided that they are dispersed in large quantities of general waste. Cytotoxic and narcotic drugs, however, should never be land filled, even in small quantities. Mild liquid or semi-liquid pharmaceuticals, such as solutions c

..]]> In this present study, Soil samples were collected from the pharma industries namely Sai Meera pharmaceuticals, Chennai. Samples were screened and totally 10 colonies were isolated in the Mineral Agar medium containing 10 mg of phenol and naphthalene and named as P1 to P10. The screened colonies were enriched in liquid minimal media containing phenol and naphthalene for 5 days. The enriched colonies streaked on the mineral agar plates containing increasing amount of phenol and naphthalene for po

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/role-of-climatic-factors-in-the-seasonal-abundance-of-aedes-aegypti-l-and-dengue-fever-cases-in-jeddah-province-of-saudi-arabia/ 2009-12-24 2018-11-09 Introduction Climate change has a direct influence on human health. Apart from affecting the human health climate change also influences the vector of infectious diseases. Climate change and its influence on the vectors of infectious diseases has been a subject of serious debate and study (Shope, 1991). Most of the mosquitoes are sensitive to climate and primary vectors for many diseases. The primary vector for dengue fever virus transmission to humans is Aedes species. The global warming

..]]> Fluctuation in the climatic factors influences not only the human health but also affect the abundance of disease vectors as well as infectious diseases. In the present study an attempt has been made to establish the relationship between Aedes mosquito abundance, dengue fever cases and prevailing climatic factors in the western region of Saudi Arabia. The role of Relative humidity is well established in the abundance of mosquito vector. But the role of temperature & rainfall is unpredict

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/studies-of-environmental-water-samples-for-different-parameters-for-isolation-of-legionella-spp/ 2009-10-03 2018-11-09 Introduction These include air conditioning cooling towers or evaporative condensers1-4. It has also been isolated from surface water from a stream, from mud from a stream bottom5, and from lake waters not associated with epidemics. In its natural environment, the bacterium resides within freshwater amoebas such as Acanthamoeba and Hartmenella, but the organism can also infect humans upon the inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Invasion and replication in alveolar macrophages can lead to pne

..]]> Legionella pneumophila has frequently been isolated from patients with Legionnaires disease and in several instances also from epidemic-related environmental samples. A selective medium was developed and used successfully to isolate Legionella pneumophila and Legionella-like organisms from environmental specimens animal inoculation methods. Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative, facultative, intracellular bacterium that is the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease. This medium con

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/environmental-impact-assessment-of-industrial-effluents-on-water-quality-of-betwa-river-discharged-from-mandideep-industrial-area-in-madhya-pradesh/ 2009-12-19 2018-11-09 Introduction Water is the basic and primary need of all vital life processes and it is now well established that the life first arose in aquatic environment. Ever since the pre-historic times man has been intimately associated with water and the evidences of past civilization that all historic human settlements were developed around inland freshwater resources have conclusively proved it. Even today it is the major consideration for all socio-economic cultural, industrial and technological de

..]]> Present study was conducted at Betwa River, near Mandideep industrial area during 2007 to evaluate the impact of industrial effluents and domestic sewage on water quality of the river. Observation recorded during the year long study depicted that the river is polluted in certain areas as comparatively higher values of BOD and COD were recorded.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/removal-of-iron-from-water-using-modified-coconut-shell-charcoal-as-adsorbent/ 1970-01-01 2018-11-03 Introduction Iron is one of the major impurities that is commonly found in many sources of water. Iron deposited in the distribution system may promote the growth of microorganisms leading to high contamination in drinking water.1 Iron pipes may release corroded iron in water. Chlorine and Bleaching powder added to drinking water as a germicide, oxidizes and corrodes iron. The iron content is prescribed to 0.3 ppm or less as a drinking water quality standard.2 Although iron is an

..]]> Iron is one of the most troublesome elements in water. Rainwater as it infiltrates the soil and underlying geologic formations dissolves iron, causing it to seep into aquifers that serve as sources of ground water. Although iron is an essential mineral for human, its presence in ground water above a threshold level make the water unusable mainly for aesthetic considerations such as discoloration, metallic taste, odor, turbidity and staining of laundry. Iron is mainly present in water either the

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/population-growth-and-environmental-stress-a-review/ 2009-11-30 2018-10-29 Introduction Population is an impor tant source of development, but it is also a major source of environmental degradation when it exceeds the threshold limits of the support systems. Population impacts on the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses like loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. India supports 17 per cent of the world population on just 2.4 per

..]]> This paper examines population and environmental relationship and tries to find out the impact of population growth on environment. Population impacts on the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses like loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. Population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change. At any level of development, increased popul

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/seasonal-variation-in-physico-chemical-characteristics-of-ground-water-on-the-bank-uyyakondon-channel-of-river-cauvery-at-tiruchirappalli-tamil-nadu-india/ 2009-10-02 2018-11-09 Introduction  Water plays an indispensable role in every species that survive in this world and is required by all living organisms for their existence. Though water is a renewable resource, reckless usage and improper management water system may cause serious problems in availability and quality of water. Water may be contaminated by various means, chemically and biologically and become unfit for dr inking and other uses. The increasing industrialization, urbanization, agricultural

..]]> The groundwater quality on water samples were taken near the bank of channel on both sides and the other two samples were taken nearly ½ km away from the channel at 5 stations. The study was carried out for summer and rainy seasons of 2003. The samples were subjected to Physico- chemical analysis. High alkalinity, TDS, TH, Na and No3, BOD and COD were observed at ground water stations.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/assessment-of-water-quality-at-kalatoly-coast-and-a-shrimp-hatchery--coxs-bazar/ 2009-09-12 2018-10-26 Introduction Shrimp farming in Bangladesh play a key role in the national economy since the early 1990s. Shrimp farming is practiced in Bangladesh as monostock of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Uddin and Kader, 2006). Before 1990s, shrimp farmers only stocked natural post larvae and harvested the marketable size of shrimps while the culture system was totally dependent on natural seed supply. At present, the entire culture of tiger shrimps almost depends on hatchery produced post lar

..]]> The physico-chemical parameters of water were assessed between Kalatoly coast and a shrimp hatchery to understand the present status of water quality. This study was conducted from January 2008 to June 2008 at Coxs Bazar, Bangladesh. Water samples were collected twice monthly from the Kalatoly coast. Similarly, the ultra violet treated and larval rearing tank water were also collected from a shrimp hatchery situated at Kalatoly. Water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH were more or l

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/genotoxic-effect-of-paper-mill-effluent-on-chromosomes-of-fish-channa-punctatus/ 2009-11-13 2018-11-09 Introduction Intensive industrialization has led to the introduction of a large number of chemicals in the biosphere, the habitat of all living beings, including man. The industrial units drain their effluents directly into the water bodies which pose a serious threat to the aquatic flora and fauna. The industrial effluents carry many toxic substances which are capable of affecting the genetic material of the organisms, leading to immediate and inherited mutation. A variety of somatic disease

..]]> Drainage of effluent from different types of industrial units poses a serious threat to the aquatic flora and fauna. Fish being an inhabitant of the closed aquatic environment, serve as a useful model for assessing the effect of chemicals mixed in the aquatic environment. In the present study, genotoxic effect of an effluent from a paper mill located at Kurukshetra was tested in Channa punctatus, a fresh water fish. The fish were exposed to the effluent for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The remarkabl

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/quality-parameters-of-ground-waters-in-borsad-and-anklav-taluka--dist--anand--gujarat-/ 2009-10-16 2018-10-26 Introduction The portion of the water seeping into soil in excess of that held as film surrounding soil particles continues its downward passage until it reaches an impervious stratum at which point it tends to accumulate. The geological stratum super imposed upon the impervious layer then becomes saturated, and is known as the zone of saturation. The upper level of the saturated stratum is called the water table. The depth of the water table below the surface varies widely. A formation, whic

..]]> The present study deals with the Quality Parameters of Ground waters of Borsad and Anklav taluka village of Anand district of Gujarat state of India. The Ground water quality was assessed by examing various Physico-chemical parameters. Twenty-eight ground water (Borewell) samples were collected from different villages of Borsad and Anklav taluka during the month of May-2008, September-2008, April-2009 and August-2009. The Physico-chemical parameters like Temperature, PH, TDS, DO, Total-hardness,

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/physico-chemical-assessment-of-three-freshwater-ponds-of-jammu-jk/ 2009-08-11 2018-11-09 Introduction The physico-chemical parameters, a reflection of the health of an aquatic ecosystem, are of immense significance in determining the trophic status of aquatic habitats. With its implications on the biological processes, abiotic parameters determine the planktonic and neustonic community structure thereby influencing the food chains and food web in natural waters. So, a detailed analysis of the same is always wanting, and consequently, hydrobiologists throughout the globe have alwa

..]]> In order to comprehend the complex biological interactions occurring within an aquatic ecosystem an assessment of its physicochemical conditions holds a momentous position. Any changes encountered in these conditions have a direct bearing on the biota inhabiting therein. In the present study an investigation was made on the physicochemical conditions of three freshwater ponds of Jammu viz. Dilli Village Pond, Jammu; Botanical Garden Pond, University of Jammu and Fish Pond, University of Jammu, f

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/wintering-birds-in-and-around-the-vicinity-of-lake-mansar-district-udhampur-jk/ 2009-10-02 2018-11-09 Introduction India is known to be one of the 12 most important mega diversity centers of the world. India with varied habitats harbours a rich bird life. Aves constitute the most important phylum of animal kingdom. Avifauna is an important biological resource and a component of natural ecosystem. The Indian region with varied habitat harbours an incredibly rich bird life. Moreover, birds were regarded as the indicators of environment. The study of bird communities has been a major area of res

..]]> A systematic survey of Mansar was done from 2004 – 2007 periods in order to check the status of wintering birds. The most important specialty of this area is a lake which has been given the status of wetland and is known as Lake Mansar. This lake serves as a major aquatic habitat and feeding ground for the migratory birds during the winter season. The elevation of Lake Mansar is 666 m above sea level in the Shivaliks terrain of Jammu. A total of 21 species of wintering birds were repor

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/biomedical-waste-management-vis-a-vis-risks-to-handlers/ 2009-11-09 2018-11-09 Introduction "Bio-Medical Waste" according to Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 of India, means any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities per taining thereto or in the production or testing of biologicals. Safe management of Health Care Waste is the process to ensure proper hospital hygiene and safety of health care workers and communities. Towards achieving this t

..]]> Biomedical wastes management vis-à-vis risks to waste handlers The characters of the health care waste that make it a health risk are, for it contains infectious agents, toxic chemicals, flammable, genotoxic, cytotoxic and radioactive substances. Hence, the risks from the Health Care Waste are not only from the pathogens but also from the chemical and pharmaceutical properties of the wastes components. Safe management of Health Care Waste is the process to ensure proper hospital hygie

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/seasonal-variation-in-the-aquatic-environment-of-industrial-effluents-of-sitapura-industrial-area-pre-monsoon-and-monsoon-season-2007/ 2009-10-14 2018-11-09 Introduction The industries, which are burgeoning at a fast rate, produce about 55,000 million m3 of waste water per day, out of which 68.5 million m3 is discharged into rivers and streams.1 Resulting the degradation of water resources, urban pollution increases rapidly by industrial development. Industrialization and urbanization lead to generation of large volumes of waste water from domestic, commercial and industrial purposes. The industrial effluent from Sitapura Industrial Area

..]]> A comparative study has been carried out to study the variation in the quality of industrial effluent of Sitapura Industrial Area, Jaipur in pre-monsoon and monsoon season. The industrial effluent samples were analysed for various parameters like pH, Electrical Conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Total suspended solids, Total solids, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Nitrate, Hardness, Total Alkalinity, Sulphate, Phosphate, Fluoride, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen were analysed in pre-

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/physio-chemical-and-elemental-analysis-of-ground-water-of-four-locations-of-delhi/ 2009-10-03 2018-10-26 Introduction Delhi, situated at the bank of Yamuna river, between the latitudes 280 12' -280 53' N and the longitudes 760 50'- 770 23', is one of the important business centers of India and thickly populated as well¹. Average water consumption in Delhi is estimated at being 240 liters per capita per day (lpcd), the highest in the country². This demand for drinking water is supplied by the Delhi Jal Board and is wholly provided or partially sub

..]]> Physico-chemical and elemental studies of four ground water (bore wells) samples from different parts of Delhi was carried out during the month of April-May. The water quality parameters like pH, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total alkalinity (TA), Total hardness (TH), Chloride (Cl-), Sulphate (SO42), Nitrate (NO3-), Fluoride (F-), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Aluminium (Al), Boron (B), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd),

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/ferronia-elefuntum-fruit-shell-a-carrier-for-the-removal-of-pb-ii-from-aqueous-solution/ 2009-10-01 2018-10-27 Introduction The Twentieth century star ted with an extensive damage to the natural resources¹. Unplanned industrialization, urbanization, pollution explosion, change in life-style, over exploitation of natural resources, commercial establishment and modern agricultural practices have degraded the quality of environment. The main effects being faced are: • Continental invasion of air and water. • Marine pollution through waste discharges. • Release of va

..]]> The studies on removal of Lead (II) were conducted using Ferronia Elefuntum Fruit shell. Adsorption efficiency has been evaluated. The effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, concentration of metal, particle size and temperature were studied. The results reveal that Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are followed during adsorption process. Thermodynamids parameters indicate the feasibility of the process. Kinetic studies have been performed to understand the mechanism of adsorption. Column st

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/effect-of-sewage-cultured-lemna-minor-on-growth-of-mollinesia-latipinna-fed-on-mixed-diets/ 1970-01-01 2018-11-09 Introduction Fish, orange molly M. latipinna is one of the most attractive and economically important among the aquarium fishes . They are marketed all over the world and yield foreign exchange to some extent. Formation of a suitable feed for fishes has become important for potential aquaculture practice and many authors have studied the effects of nutrition on growth of fishes (Mathavan 1976, Degani et al.,1985; Wahlam & Shephared 1988; Khan and Jafri 1994; Kim et al., 1996.) but l

..]]> Effect of sewage cultured Lemna minor on growth of Mollinesia latipinna was investigated using three different types of feeds viz.control feed (F1), raw lemna incorporated feed (F2) ,and decomposed lemna incorporated feed (F3) for 20 days. The feeds were prepared by using sewage cultured L.minor .The test animals fed with decomposed lemna incorporated feed showed high production (0.205) ,Gross growth efficiency (11.08 %), Net growth efficiency (11.39 %) ,Assimilation efficiency (97.31)and Metabo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/accumulation-of-heavy-metal-in-agricultural-field-irrigated-with-sewage-water-in-industrial-and-municipal-area/ 2009-12-05 2018-11-09 Introduction Soil is essential for the survival of the living world, especially for human population. Wrong agricultural practices deteriorate the soil quality Rapid industrialization and urbanization during recent years have threatened the soil environment through consequences of pollution.1 The physico- chemical and biological properties of soil govern the gaseous balance, water transfer, plant growth and decomposition of complex organic substance in it. Any alternation in these pr

..]]> A study was carried out in agricultural areas near industrial and urban areas of district Etah and Kanshiram nagar during the year 2007-2008 to access the nature and extent of soil with heavy metals due to use of industrial and municipal sewage water for irrigation. Due to easy and chargeless source of water, farmers of sampling areas use sewage water for irrigation purpose. The sewage water samples were scrutinized for colour, PH, electrical conductance, total solid content and for heavy metals

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/study-of-fluoride-content-in-drinking-water-of-selected-bore-wells-in-mandya-city-of-karnataka-india/ 2009-08-24 2018-10-29 Introduction Mandya district is generally called as "sugar city" of Karnataka; since sugarcane is major crop of the district. The city has a very high heritage for its cultural and historical backgrounds. A famous Mysore sugar factory is located in the city. Krishna Raja Sagar (KRS) dam, historical temples at Melukote, Tippu palace at Sr iranga patna, Vaidyanatheshwara temple, Athmalingeshwara temple etc are situated in Mandya district. Water is most common and impor tant

..]]> Major water supply for agriculture and domestic purpose in Mandya district is from Krishna Raja Sagar reservoir. Even then, residents of most of the areas of Mandya city are mainly dependent on bore well water for domestic and small scale industries, especially in summer season. Hence large numbers of bore wells are existed. Fluoride content of selected twenty five bore-well water in and around of Mandya city was analyzed in the month of January, 2009. The study reveals that the fluoride concent

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/removal-of-divalent-manganese-from-water-by-adsorption-using-gac-loaded-with-ethylene-di-amine-tetra-acetic-acid-edta-and-nitrilo-tri-acetic-acid-nta/ 2009-10-01 2018-10-29 Introduction Water is a Prime natural resource and is a basic human need. It is available in nature as surface water and ground water through the self purification mechanisms like physical, chemical and microbiological processes at natural bodies are carried out in nature. However, natural water is rarely suitable for direct consumption to human beings. Rapid industrialization and population growth resulted to generation of large quantities of wastewater and causing problem of their disposal.

..]]> The studies on removal of Manganese (II) were conducted using Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) in combination with Chelating agents, Ethylene di-aminetetraacetic Aced (EDTA) and Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA) at 25°C. The adsorption efficiency was studied in the pH range. The results reveals that Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are followed during adsorption process with the chelating agents under study. The granulated activated carbon (GAC) loaded with Ethylene di-aminetetraacetic acid

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/recent-trends-in-environmental-audit/ 2009-10-27 2018-10-29 Introduction As per the definition given by international chamber of commerce the "Environmental audit is a systematic examination of performance to ensure compliance with requirements during the operational phase of industrial activity including the following components: • Full management commitment • Audit team objectivity • Professional compliance • Well defined systematic approach • Written reports • Quality assurance

..]]> The aim of environmental audit of an audit is to facilitate supervision and gain information on the measures to be taken by a unit with regard to compliance with the company's internal policies and with the enforced regulations. The environmental audit enables the company to take a comprehensive look at their industrial operations and facilities. It also gives us an idea of identifying the areas where reduction and cost control are possible.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/study-of-dissolved-oxygen-present-in-the-underground-water-of-nipani-town/ 2009-08-18 2018-11-09 Introduction Industrialization and urbanization created serious problems of water pollution of surface water i.e. ponds, underground water tube-wells. In developing countries like India, this problem has become acute day by day. In the present study, the levels of DO were studied in the vicinity of Halsiddhanath sugar factory located at Nipani. The underground water sample were taken from twelve underground tube wells in the glass bottles by following standard procedure. Sample were taken

..]]> The ground water samples were taken from twelve tube wells from nipani town and analysed every month throughout the year. So, we have studied levels of dissolved oxygen in underground water. DO content was always above 5 mg/litre and went up to 12.56 mg/litre

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/water-quality-assessment-of-newaj-river-at-rajgarh-madhya-pradesh-india/ 2009-09-25 2018-11-09 Introduction The Newaj river is the left bank tributary of the river Parwan which is a right bank principal tributary of Kalisindh River. In the present years due to the growth in population, urbanization, settlement of brick manufacturing plant, deforestation etc. the river is contaminated regularly and the maintenance of the quality of river water will be a severe problem in the years to come. The present study aims to assess the Newaj river water quality at different sampling stations with

..]]> Newaj river is the ‘Life Line’ for the city of Rajgarh as it is the major source of water supply for the entire city. The study represents the results of physico-chemical parameters such as pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand during different seasons from Nov. 2008 to Oct. 2009. It was observed that BOD and COD increased regularly but DO decreased in summer season except reference water sampling station. BOD, COD, DO values have deviated

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/impact-assessment-of-chemical-fertilizer-industry-on-quality-of-soil-in-and-around-vijaipur-district-guna-m-p-india/ 2009-09-14 2018-10-29 Introduction Vijaipur Fertilizer Plant is located at Vijaipur village in Radhogarh Tehsil of Guna District (M.P.) India. The Fertilizer Plant Constracted by NFL- comprises of one 1350 TPD single stream ammonia plant based on stream reformation of natural gas and 2200 TPD Urea Plant consisting of two streams each of 1100 TPD capacity. It utilized as combination of natural gas naphtha, fuel oil and filler sand at varying condition for the production of different formulation of fertilizer produc

..]]> A study was carried out on the impact of Chemical Fertilizer Industrial waste on the quality of soil in the vicinity. The Fertilizer Industry located at Jijaipur District Guna (M.P.) India, produce liquid ammonia and urea. All the solid waste generated are disposed off at dumpsites (Surrounding Fertilizer Plant). Teh effluent sludge and Soil sample were analysized for physio-chemical parameters viz pH values, Phosphrous, Sodium, Chromium, bulkdensity, porosity, water-holding capacity, electric c

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/assessment-of-water-quality-of-gandhinagar-area-of-bhopal-city--m-p---india-/ 2009-11-09 2019-04-11

..]]> The article titled "Assessment of water quality of Gandhi nagar area of Bhopal city, M.P. India" is retracted as it was published twice on the oversight of Publisher.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/quality-of-drinking-surface-and-sub-surface-water-in-relation-to-human-health-of-sehore-town-m-p-india/ 2009-10-28 2018-10-29 Introduction Now a day's ground water is primar y sources of drinking water. The quality of ground water depends on the ion, which are dissolved in ground water. The major ions which are responsible to maintain the quality of ground water are carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, nitrate etc. These ions are present in ionic form. The cation and anions must be equal to maintain the quality of water. Cation such as calcium ion, magnesium ion, sodium, potassium etc. are also pres

..]]> Water is most essential to life next to air only. Surface water and Sub-surface water both are very important for water supply for irrigation, industries and drinking purpose. Safe drinking water is primary needs of every person. Most of person mainly depends upon ground water sources. Some of these have problems such as excess hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Nitrate etc. The natural quality of surface water and Sub-surface water tends to be degraded by human activities and geo environment

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/study-of-seasonal-variation-of-heavy-metal-concentrations-in-bed-sediments-of-yamuna-river/ 2009-12-21 2018-11-09 Introduction Heavy metals are essential trace elements for living organisms but accumulation of these elements such as Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd in living cells pose toxic effects.1,2 Therefore heavy metals fall into priority pollutants list of water quality classifications.3 Heavy metal can enter river system through natural sources such as soil erosion and anthropological activities such as discharge of waste waters with heavy metal contents, which can be generated through ind

..]]> The present deals with the study of the variation of the heavy metal concentration in bed sediments against the flow rate of Yamuna river in Northern India. Five different sediments samples were collected from different places under low and high flow conditions during August to April and analysed. The values obtained were compared with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). There was heavy metal pollution with respect to Cd, Pb and Zn in the Yamuna river. The contamination of he

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol4no2/electrochemical-behavior-of-copper-electrode-in-sodium-hydroxide-solutions/ 2009-11-20 2018-11-14 Introduction The electrochemical behaviour of copper is of considerable interest in many areas of technology, including solar cell,1 integrated circuits2 and heat exchangers.3 Hence, the cyclic voltammograms of this metal has been extensively studied, particularly in alkaline solutions4-7 which affords more resolution than the conventional galvanic technique. The anodic behaviour of Copper in alkaline environments leads to the formation of an oxide film

..]]> The cyclic voltammograms of the copper electrode in different concentrations of NaOH solutions was studied using cyclic voltammogram’s (CV’s) technique. In addition surface examination and morphological studies were also conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). The four anodic peaks where founds to correspond successively to the formation of a mono layer of Cu2O, a thick layer of CuO and CuO22- and finally the formati

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