mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pperformance-evaluation-of-split-air-conditioner-with-consideration-of-pressure-drop-in-evaporator-and-condenser-p/ 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 IntroductionIn looking toward the exponentially rising demand for energy, and environmental protection aspect, researchers from every corner of the globe have been involved to find some new refrigerants with the expectation of improved performance along with eco-friendly aspects considering global warming. Global warming is one of the key concern that should be considered while selecting a refrigerant, as it is one of the major contributor of the undesirable phenomenon known as global warming1-3

..]]> In this research, a split air conditioner's performance has been evaluated using exergy analysis on three different low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, namely R32, R447A, and R447B, to find a replacement for the GWP-high refrigerant R410A. With regard for pressure loss in the evaporator and condenser, a computational model is built to recreate the operational conditions of a split air conditioner. GENETRON Properties 1.4 software is used to calculate performance metrics such as

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/passessment-of-land-use-and-land-cover-change-in-shallabugh-wetland-of-kashmir-himalaya-using-landsat-tm-and-liss-iv-satellite-datasetsp/ 2022-11-07 2022-11-07 Introduction The Earth's surface is constantly transforming as a result of numerous factors, many of which are anthropogenic in nature.1 Only a small number of landscapes around the world are still in their natural condition.2 According to the 2019 report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, anthropogenic utilization has had a direct impact on more than 70% of the world's land surface.3 Changes in land use and land cover (LULC) are rapid, dynamic, and widespread, whic

..]]> The increase in human activities has highlighted the need to assess land use and land cover in the Shallabugh wetland using LANDSAT TM and LISS IV satellite datasets over a 28-year period from 1990 to 2018. After ground truthing, the images were visually evaluated on screen and seven land use and land cover classes, viz. macrophytic vegetation, mixed plantation, open water, grazing land, agriculture field, built-up area, and vegetable field, were demarcated using Arc-GIS software. Out of a total

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pinfluence-of-organic-waste-on-nutrient-composition-of-compost-and-the-impact-of-sawdust-on-composting-processp/ 2022-11-18 2022-11-18 IntroductionWith the increase in population and urbanization, there is also an increase in the production of organic waste across the globe. This is an alarming issue for the environment because the generated waste could be responsible for different kinds of environmental pollution. In India, about 40% of food produced is wasted per year because of improper management of the food chain. This loss of food takes place even before the food reaches the consumer 1. Every person in an Indian

..]]> To improve soil health and fertility use of compost is a better idea than chemical fertilizers. Compost is a product of the degradation of waste organic matter. The choice of organic waste to get a good quality of compost is needed for the proper recycling of organic waste. So, the present study was to identify the effect of the type of organic waste on the physical properties and nutrient content of compost. The experiment was conducted with four types of organic waste (Fruit waste, vegetable w

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pinfluence-of-temperature-on-the-production-of-biochar-from-cotton-and-castor-feed-stalk-in-a-pyrolysis-processp/ 2022-11-23 2022-11-23 IntroductionBiomass plays an essential role in both energy and environmental problems as a sustainable energy source. Agricultural residues, forestry residues, municipal rubbish, and city products are examples of biomass that can be directly burned, gasified, or pyrolyzed to provide various forms of energy. Biomass is abundant, renewable, and clean, since it emits no carbon and contains low levels of sulphur, nitrogen, and metals1.The residence time, methods of heating and types of pyrolysis pro

..]]> Among the various applications of cotton and castor biomass, application of biochar to soil is gaining popularity due to increased crop productivity and CO2 sequestration. The slow pyrolysis of cotton and castor stalk at 250-500 °C was investigated in this study to characterize in terms of production of biochar, bio oil, pyrogases and its chemical properties by using batch type Pyrolyser. The biochar showed a general trend of decreasing biochar production and increasing bio oil, pyro gas produc

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pthe-spatial-and-temporal-disparity-of-fish-assemblage-and-its-association-with-environmental-factors-through-multivariate-statistical-analysis-in-jammu-and-kashmirs-himalayan-river-systemp/ 2022-10-05 2022-10-05 IntroductionThe fisheries sector has long been a vital part of the Indian economy, contributing to food and nutrition security, job creation, and foreign exchange earnings through fish export. So far 3,231 species of native finfish have been recorded from India, of which 2,443 species are from the marine environment, 113 from brackish waters and 877 are from freshwater habitats along with 291 exotic fish species.1,2 The rich biological legacy, biodiversity, and product

..]]> The goal of this study was to explore the dynamics of the environmental components with fish species assemblages in the Ravi and Chenab rivers of the Himalayan river system during the study period from "July 2020 to June 2021".. To examine the relationship between fish species and environmental parameters, multivariate statistical analyses including canonical correspondence analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied to data from fish species. ANOSIM and SI

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/passessment-of-aox-content-in-bleaching-effluent-of-eucalyptus-tereticornis-kraft-pulpsp/ 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 IntroductionAfter pulping, the residual lignin is removed by bleaching to produce a high quality bright paper and pulp products1. Several chemicals and approaches are used during the bleaching process (delignification and brightness). In conventional bleaching, chlorination/ alkali extraction/ Hypochlorite/ Hypochlorite(C/E/H/H), chlorine or chlorinated compounds are used to remove the color from the pulp. 45-50 kg of organic materials are dissolved out from pulp into the waste bleach liquor for

..]]> The research aim is to reduce the organochlorine content in bleach plant effluents by modifying conventional (CEHH) bleaching sequences. Majority of pulp and paper mills generally adopted CEHH or CEH bleaching sequences, using chlorine or chlorinated compounds to remove the color from pulps. Organochlorine compounds are mainly generated from chlorination and alkali extraction stages. The purpose of the study is to substitute elemental chlorine in bleaching with oxygen, chlorine dioxide, or perox

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pethnobotanical-survey-on-trees-of-seminary-hills-nagpur-ms-an-approach-towards-plant-conservationp/ 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 IntroductionSince ancient times humans have been dependent on various plants for diverse needs viz. food, shelter, clean air, medicines. They play key role in regulating air quality, noise pollution, soil erosion, water quality and quantity and reduce the risk of flood, drought and landslides. They help in balancing oxygen and carbon dioxide level in atmosphere, regulate earth’s temperature and hydrologic cycle. Wood, which provides raw material for domestic and industrial processes, is the ch

..]]> Seminary Hills (Latitude 21°9'57"North and Longitude 79°3'47" East) play an important role in maintaining ecological and environmental balance of the rapidly- growing Nagpur city. Majority of the area of Seminary Hills lie under protected forest area. Seminary Hills Forest represents the unique vegetation of tropical dry deciduous forest, and shows presence of trees like Tectona grandis L.f., Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Acacia catechu (L. f.)

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pa-comprehensive-assessment-of-land-use-land-cover-of-thiruvananthapuram-urban-agglomeration-using-gis-and-remote-sensing-nbspp/ 2022-11-02 2022-11-02 IntroductionThe quick and dramatic rise in population of South East Asian countries especially in India, has occurred over the last century accentuated the demand for basic needs1. Hence it has become pertinent to rationally utilize the available land and other resources. Currently a drastic change in Land use/ Land cover is observed2,3. The term ‘Land use’(LU) denotes how land is utilized by humans, while ‘land cover’(LC) refers to natural features that cover the land4. The rapid and un

..]]> Rapid and unscientific land use is a major environmental concern globally because their possible adverse consequences generate undesirable effect on man and the environment. In this study, we evaluate the Land use/ Land cover changes in the city of Kerala (India) and that have experienced a fast-growing urbanisation over the last decades. To evaluate this, we use satellite images of Landsat from different years since 1988. The method of Maximum Likelihood Supervised Classification is employed fo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/psuitable-site-selections-for-artificial-recharge-structure-in-bandalli-watershed-chamarajanagar-district-karnataka-india-using-remote-sensing-and-gis-techniquesp/ 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 IntroductionThe primary sources of water depend upon the nature of precipitations; for these sources, mainly the storage role is essential and the role of recharge of water based on the role of the Physiographical components is highly significant. Under the water table, fully saturated soils and geological formations contain subsurface water. Therefore, safe groundwater abstraction and good groundwater management are critical for the resource's long-term viability1. One of the recommended m

..]]> Bandalli watershed is characterized as an arid to semi-arid region with little access to water. Water is essential for all life forms for human consumption, agriculture and industry. Artificial groundwater recharge is a process by which the groundwater scrounges is reduced at a rate almighty the augmentation rate beneath natural replenishment conditions. The work aims to understand the groundwater scenario in distinction to the geological point of view as the geology of the area concerned is the

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pspatial-pattern-of-covid-19-in-relation-to-population-density-a-case-study-in-assam-indiap/ 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 IntroductionCOVID-19 is a global catastrophic pandemic that has destabilized the entire humanity during 2020-21 in terms of their life and livelihood. World Health Organization (henceforth WHO) is continuously working on various dimensions of COVID-19 issues including data collection to general health care and specific prevention including vaccination etc. By end of January 2020, 20 countries had reported COVID-19, that gone up to 54 in February, and 202 by end of March that further rises to 212

..]]> Since the time of occurrence of first wave of COVID-19, its study from multi dimensional directions becomes visible across academic disciplines globally. In this paper we analyze the correlation between spread of corona virus and population density. The study is undertaken at district level in the state of Assam, (North-eastern India), considering the confirmed COVID-19 cases (during the first wave) and population density of the districts. We use the Karl Pearson’s correlation method for asses

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pstatus-and-scope-of-conventional-morphometry-and-its-integration-with-bar-coding-in-j-and-k-fisheriesp/ 2022-10-05 2022-10-05 IntroductionThe ichthyofauna found in riverine ecosystems provides essential supplies. Therefore, an important strategy for future sustainable use and conservation management of both the species and aquatic ecosystems is knowing the Ichthyofaunal population structure. 1 Because it serves as the basis for all other life sciences, taxonomic clarity is a vital prerequisite. As sampling and identification are the initial stages, therefore it is the duty of a researcher to precisely

..]]> Correct identification is at the core of taxonomy. Although morphometric characterization is the most straightforward and cost-effective method, it has a number of limitations. By overcoming this limitation, bar coding of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene (COI) helps in accurate and cost-effective identification of fish species. This communication discusses limitations of conventional morphometry and how its integration with bar coding can help to solve the taxonomic ambiguity of morpholo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pextraction-and-characterization-of-chitin-and-chitosan-from-penaeus-monodon-and-its-application-for-water-purification-an-approach-to-utilize-wastep/ 2022-11-18 2022-11-18 IntroductionIn marine Arthropods, the largest group of Crustaceans contains about 30,000 species. Shells of marine crustaceans along with shrimp, crabs, and lobsters are biowastes that make contributions to the pollution of coastal areas. The crustacean shell wastes contain 8-10% chitin, 30-65% protein, and 10-20% calcium1. The preparation of chitin, chitosan, and their components from shrimp shells takes place in three stag

..]]> This study was conducted to elucidate the uses of chitosan extracted from Penaeus monodon. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that shapes structural additives inside the exoskeleton of crustaceans. In this research, chitin and chitosan had been extracted from the Penaeus monodon exoskeleton via the chemical system through a series of steps which include demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The chitosan received by the deacetylation system turned into analyzed for biochemical

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pcurrent-status-of-electronic-waste-in-information-communication-technology-ict-and-its-environmental-managementp/ 2022-11-07 2022-11-07 IntroductionRapid urbanization has played apropitious role in sustainable economic development and industrialization around the globe in both developed and developing countries. Urbanization has also been a driving force in changing the lifestyle of individuals across the globe. The demand for electronic goods has seen an increase in the past few years, to meet this demand many players entered the market and due to the increase in supply, the new trend of the lower price of these electronic good

..]]> The production of electronic devices in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector has seen a massive increase in the past few decades due to changes in the lifestyle of individuals across the globe. The Covid-19 pandemic has been like a catalyst in this process, where the demand has reached its peak due to work-from-home activities. A huge amount of electronic waste generated is by the ICT sector which is not efficiently managed and ultimately risks human health and the environme

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pcoping-with-climate-change-nuclear-energy-as-a-clean-optionp/ 2022-12-27 2022-12-27 Recently, during COP 27, UN Chief mentioned about his efforts in introducing Climate Solidarity Pact aiming that all countries will put extra efforts to reduce emissions in order to achieve an ambition of 1.5 0C warming which will further  need to accelerate renewable energy and to end fossil fuel. He emphasized that the voices of people who are on the frontline of climate change crisis should heard. The COP 27 discussed about climate justice too. In this regard, it has been decided to

..]]> Abstract

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/peconomic-evaluation-of-yeldur-nala-sub-watershed-project-in-kolar-district-of-karnatakap/ 2022-12-20 2022-12-20 IntroductionAgriculture in India is the major sector for economy, which depends highly on natural resources such as soil, watershed and vegetation. Nearly three fourths of the cultivated land is depending on monsoon, which is contributing  about 42 per cent of the agriculture production in India (Anonymous, 2012).India receives annual precipitation of an average of 4,000 billion cubic meters (approximately 1183 mm rainfall) of which, only 48 per cent is available in surface and ground w

..]]> The study was taken in Srinivaspura taluk, Kolar district of Karnataka to analyse the economic benefits derived by watershed beneficiaries of Yeldur nala sub watershed project implemented under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayi Yojana-Watershed Development (PMKSY-WD). Primary data of the research was gathered from randomly selected 60 farmers from the project area which includes 30 watershed beneficiaries and 30 non-beneficiaries. Data collected was analysed using Simpson’s index, Cost and Retur

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pweather-based-fruit-fly-population-dynamics-prediction-model-for-the-mid-hills-of-eastern-himalayan-region-of-indiap/ 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 IntroductionThe climate change is an inevitable natural phenomenon and climate has been changing since the earth was formed1. The climate always changes slowly, giving ample time to all natural phenomena and living beings to change accordingly to adopt with it. But the present human-induced climate change is unique in the history of the world because of its pace of change. It is changing so fast that it is not giving sufficient time to all related phenomenon and lives to change and adopt with it

..]]> Across the globe, it is widely observed that current change in climate or weather pattern has marked effect on insect population dynamics and behavior, though with varied aspects and intensity. Understanding the correlations of insect population dynamics with weather parameters is the fundamental first step in formulating an effective integrated pest management programme. In the major citrus growing mid-hill regions of Arunachal Pradesh, fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is one of the chief reason

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pevaluation-of-groundwater-quality-in-the-vicinity-of-the-industrial-area-jnpc-of-parawada-visakhapatnam-andhra-pradesh-india-utilizing-water-quality-index-a-case-studyp/ 2022-12-14 2022-12-14 IntroductionWater is a fundamental component of nature since freshwater is required for life to exist on Earth;Water cannot be replaced for any of its purposes1.Ground water quality is commonly assessed using physicochemical parameters, which change significantly as a result of mixing with various types of pollution, seasonal fluctuations, groundwater withdrawal, and so on. Results from certain important physicochemical parameters and heavy metals are needed to compute the purity when e

..]]> The aims of current study is to measure quality of groundwater in the vicinity of the JNPC industrial area in Parawada, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, from 2019 to 2020 using the water quality index (WQI). A simple random sampling technique was used to obtain 198 groundwater samples for this investigation from 32 bore wells and 1 open well in the studying zone to check the ground waterportability. The sulphates (SO4-2), total dissolved solids (TDS),total alkalinity (TA),pH,turbidity, magn

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pland-use-cover-change-detection-in-high-altitude-mountain-landscapes-a-case-of-pangi-valley-western-himalaya-indiap/ 2022-12-09 2022-12-09 IntroductionMountains can be considered a fragile ecosystem that provides a variety of essential global commodities and services. These ecosystems are widely threatened by globalization and the increasing pressure over the territory, besides to climate change, which is affecting the mountain ecosystems as well as livelihoods of the concerned population.1,2  The market driven globalization focusing on the exploitation of natural resources which seems incompatible with local dive

..]]> Recently, mountains are going to widely threatened by developmental activities and global climate change leading to changing shift of land uses/covers across the globe. The present study area has witnessed very significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) especially after the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS) in the form of rapid developmental and constructional activities. As a result, rapid local roads and infrastructure construction

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/penvironmental-issues-and-their-possible-solutions-for-sustainable-development-india-a-reviewp/ 2022-12-09 2022-12-09 Introduction Human activities are the main factors in the destruction of Earth's living conditions. Human impact has led to a rise in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, soil contamination, natural resource depletion and contamination of the soil, water, and air, species extinction, the build-up of dangerous recalcitrant compounds, and other difficulties. Several conferences have emphasized the influence of environmental challenges in recent decades. Ho

..]]> Human activity has drastically impacted the earth's ecology, resulting in significant changes in the environment over the ages. Developing countries like India have extensive intervention of life form activities has intensified environmental problems, soil degradation, greenhouse effect, global warming, and ecological imbalance. These difficulties have directly impacted the quality and maintenance of the environment. Research and statistics clearly indicate that if current trends continue,

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pa-review-design-of-sewerage-scheme-and-evaluation-of-proposed-treatment-plant-for-saatvik-vihar-phase-ii-indore-mpp/ 2022-12-09 2022-12-09 IntroductionA sewage system is made up of numerous sewer lines that come together at one point to form a larger sewer line. Additionally, the massive sewer pipe comes to an end at the intersection of an even bigger sewer line. The outfall is where the main sewer line finally comes to an end. A sewage system can be thought of as a network of sewer lines that empty into another network of sewer lines after collecting discharges at their nodal points.1 There are different numbers of treatment units

..]]> The water-carried sewerage system has replaced the older, more basic technique of excreta disposal as the cities have grown. The infrastructure of any society's water supply and sewage system is crucial. The purpose of a sewer network is to move home or industrial waste water from a source location to a treatment facility or disposal site. The sewage system consists of a network of sewer lines that, at their nodal points, collect and discharge waste materials into a separate network of sewe

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pthe-estimation-of-small-metal-traces-of-cd-ii-from-the-alloy-and-water-effluents-using-fast-and-accurate-extractive-spectrophotometric-method-with-newly-developed-dba-reagentp/ 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 Introduction The accurate identification of cadmium in the samples of industrial liquid effluents, medical, pharmaceutical samples are important because of its toxicity and contribution towards the number of diseases and deaths (Fergusson et.al 1989 and Venugopal et.al.1979). All these above findings indicates that even a small traces of cadmium metal has an adverse effects on human health, Therefore, an accurate and simple identification of this cadmium metal at trace

..]]> Experimental research was reported on the extraction and the spectrophotometric determination of minute quantities of Cd(II), using a fresh novel ligand 2, 4-dimethyl -3H- 1, 5 benzodiazepine (DBA) from given sample of alloy. In this work, the fresh ligand was developed and its characterization was conducted using mass spectrophotometer and IR, NMR. A developed analytical ligand (DBA) when reacts with cadmium produces colored compound, this red colored complex, maintained at constant pH 8.9 and

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pindoor-and-outdoor-air-quality-assessment-of-so2-and-no2-in-suburban-schools-in-imphal-manipurp/ 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 IntroductionIntensification of air pollutant levels in urban areas has become a significant problem with fast economic growth, especially in metropolitan cities.1  Majority of air pollution fatalities occur in developing countries, where laws are not adequately enforced and emission standards are less stringent.2 In India, traffic emissions are a significant source of air pollution and associated damage to human health.3 Vehicle emissions are problematic for human health, road

..]]> Air quality assessments for NO2 and SO2 levels in indoor and outdoor environments were conducted in three suburban schools in Imphal. Season-wise, the highest NO2 and SO2 concentrations were observed during winter, while the lowest occurred during the monsoon. The concentration of SO2 in the indoor air was comparatively cleaner than in the outdoor air. Similarly, indoor air was found to be cleaner than outdoor air with respect to NO2. The overall concentration obtained for the entire study

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/ptraffic-emissions-due-to-changes-in-road-layout-in-developing-township-related-to-double-track-rail-project-constructionsp/ 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 IntroductionAir pollutants can occur in the atmosphere in either gaseous or particulate form.  There are many types of air pollutants, especially in gaseous form. For example, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide are three well-known gaseous pollutants. However, concern over the rise in the concentration of gaseous pollutants has also been increasing for many years, especially in the past two decades. Humans are responsible for emitting partic

..]]> Traffic emissions in developing townships are less studied compared to major townships and cities. The Electrified Double-Track Project (EDTP) rail line is a linear project traversing from south to north of peninsular Malaysia. Construction of this line has somewhat affected the traffic flow in terms of delay and congestion, affecting traffic-related emissions. A study on the emission fluctuations due to traffic flow changes during the electrified double-track rail line construction was carri

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/psand-mining-in-india-and-its-evaluation-using-swot-analysis-a-reviewnbspp/ 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 IntroductionSand is a naturally occurring aggregate produced over many years by rock erosion. Sand became the most widely used building resource on the earth that is creating the physical foundation of the built environment, but after water, Sand is now the second most exploited and exported resource by volume. Its exploitation is wreaking havoc on the environment and provoking political- economic tensions.1,2 The rate of sand and gravel extraction has tripled over the past two decades due to in

..]]> The importance of mining to long-term economic development in developing nations has been a hot topic in recent years. Mining offers enormous potential for local and national output, employment, revenue distribution, and economic growth. Among all minerals, Sand became the most widely used building resource on the earth that is creating the physical foundation of the built environment but the mining industry was unconcerned with the environmental consequences of resource exploitation. A Strength

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pwomen-participation-in-the-fight-for-climate-justice-indias-future-nbspp/ 2022-12-05 2022-12-05 Introduction Women have been crucial in the fight against climate change's harmful effects. Their reliance on natural resources management does not necessarily make them vulnerable but on the contrary, gives them an upper hand to sustainably utilize it due to the local knowledge they hold as regards the sustainable use of such natural resources. In spite of this, a lot is yet to be done to ensure their active participation in all levels of environmental governance. The better the i

..]]> UN’s SDG No. 5 provides for achieving women’s equality and empowers them. However, achieving this goal has been a dream. This is primarily because discrimination against females in India has been practiced since birth and continues at every level. Hence, the present study focuses on the international obligation laid down for each nation to ensure gender justice at every level of environmental governance. The article analyzes various provisions enunciated in various international and national

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/papplication-of-vertical-electrical-sounding-for-subsurface-characterization-to-determine-slope-instability-at-perizie-nagalandp/ 2022-12-05 2022-12-05 IntroductionKohima, the administrative headquarter of Nagaland, often experiences natural disasters in the form of landslides, which poses a high risk to the residents of this city town. It is situated towards the south of the state hosting several major offices and institutions. It also facilitates the main artery for the state of Manipur and several other towns, as the Trans-Asian Highway, AH 1, and National Highway, NH 2 pass through this town. Geologically, Kohima town is m

..]]> Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique which employs the Schlumberger depth sounding method was used to investigate the subsurface conditions at the landslide in Perizie colony, Kohima. The interpretation of the VES curves shows differing lithology consisting of weathered shales with associated clay, which is considered an important factor for slope instability. The shear strength of the slope materials, including the country rocks and the soil cover, is also significantly reduced and easi

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/pcarbon-management-index-and-soil-organic-carbon-pools-of-different-land-use-in-uttarakhand-western-himalayap/ 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 IntroductionThe net global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions significantly increased to 43.1 billion tonnes by 31.10 from 2010 to 2019. This increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere exacerbates climate change1 ultimately causing a major ecological concern in the form of land deterioration. Agriculture contributes a massive 24% of total world CO2 emissions due to intense farming, forestry, land-use changes and poor farming management2. Therefore, it is important to establish strategies for mini

..]]> Himalayan soils are young, unstable and prone to erosion due to its terrain, climate responsive conditions and human activities. Thus, a research was conducted to assess the dynamics of total organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, labile and non-labile carbon, lability index and carbon management index among three distinct landuse at various soil depth in north himalayan region. Mixed forest have considerably more total organic carbon (43.0 g/kg), particulate organic carbon (5.45 g/kg) foll

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/penvironmental-risk-assessment-from-2018-to-2022-for-kota-rajasthan-indiap/ 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 IntroductionContinuously deteriorating quality of ambient air jeopardising human health 1–3. The severity of the problem varies in industrial and developing countries 4,5. Quick motorisation, rapid industrial and urban growth, and flying technological advancement have put air quality at stake globally 6–8. Many of the less developed countries becoming urbanised and industrialised do not have the resources or enough technologies to dispose of the pollutants with min

..]]> Particulate matter pollution in the metropolis has become an international concern because of its dangerous short and long-term effects on humans and the environment. This research aims to quantify particulate matter's severe impact on inhabitants and identify the ecological environment risk category of Kota city, Rajasthan (India), throughout the selected study period from 2018 to 2022 for four years. Human health risk assessment has been assessed through AirQ+ software (WHO invented), whi

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol17no3/penvironmental-footprint-of-covid-19-in-india-short-term-green-effect-but-long-run-pitfallp/ 2022-11-23 2022-11-23 IntroductionDuring the past few months, the term ‘Coronavirus’ has probably attained the distinction of being one of the most if not the most deliberated matters of concern throughout the world primarily due to the severity and magnitude of deaths and health-related problems it has caused. Coronavirus was first described by Tyrell et al.1 who were able to cultivate the viruses from patients with the common cold in 1965. The term 'Corona' means 'Crown' in

..]]> The outset of novel coronavirus namely SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 first came into the limelight in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and was soon declared a ‘global pandemic’ by W.H.O. in March 2020 after realizing its highly infectious and transmission capability and its potential to develop severe pneumonia-like respiratory infection amongst the humans. This declaration along with the rising number of COVID-19 infected cases and deaths globally led to the complete locking down of countries and cit

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