Current World Environment

The Social Rituals and Environmental Degradation: How to tackle?

Umesh Kulshrestha — 26-12-2018

It is my pleasure to present before you this issue of Current World Environment. I must acknowledge the choice of the authors, dedication of our reviewers and untiringly efforts of management team which help in timely publication of the issue of the journal. This issue has total twenty articles which covers the papers on different important environmental topics such as noise pollution, waste water treatment, ecosystem, soil pollution, energy efficiency, Ganga water quality, forest fire risk asse

Freshwater Shortage and Arrangement by Modern Technology

Mohammad Oves

A water molecule is an atomic ratio 2:1 of hydrogen and oxygen atom while according to mass 1:8 ratio of hydrogen and oxygen, it is an odourless and tasteless solution that is fundamentally present in waterways, streams, lakes, ocean, in every single living being, and the atmosphere. It is the principal constituent of Earth and is available in multiple forms. It is the necessary source of all living and non-living things other than any natural supplements. It circles persistently as disappearing

Altitude and Canopy Cover Effects on Air Temperature in a Mountainous Region of Ionian Islands, Greece

Athanasios Kamoutsis, Kostas Chronopoulos, Aristidis Matsoukis

Introduction Air temperature (T), one of the most important climatic parameters of mountain terrain in tourism industry,1 is considered as a key driver for many physical processes that influence the distribution of vegetation.2 Topography contributes greatly to the prevailing T conditions. Altitude (alt), in particular, seems to have a more distinguished influence on thermal environment in relation to other parameters, such as slope and aspect.3-5 In general, it is known that an incr

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Relation to Soil Pollution at Mewat, Haryana, India

Introduction Soil heavy metal pollution is worldwide and in terrestrial ecosystems, soils dish up as the most important sink1,2 and generally considered to be originating either from geogenic or natural sources or the anthropogenic sources such as agrochemicals and mineral fertilizers, industrial wastes, sewage sludge etc.3,4,5,6 As a result of increasing population, urbanization, agricultural activities, heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils is the matter of concern

Forest Fire Risk Assessment Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Divya Mehta, Parminder Baweja, R. K. Aggarwal

Introduction Forest fires are extensive and critical facet of the world. The annual global area burned due to forest fire ranges from 300 and 450 Mha.1 Over 80 percent of the global area burned occurs in grasslands and savannahs, primarily in South Asia, Africa, Australia and South America. Globally fires are frequent over most of the earth except in areas of scant vegetation and near the poles.2 India witnesses most of severe forest fires during the summer season in the hills of

Sub-Surface Investigation Using Vertical Electrical Sounding: Chennai Metropolitan Area

J. Saravanan, Kishan Rawat , Sudhir Singh

Introduction Groundwater is becoming an increasingly scarce resource.1,2,3,4 With industrial and domestic water demand expected to double by 2050.5 competition among urban, peri-urban, and rural areas on groundwater resources is likely to increase. Increasing population and rapid urbanizationare already aggravating the demand on fresh water supply in the cities and it is expected to increase in future.6 The impact of climate change on precipitation patterns, river f

Land-Use and Land Cover Changes on the Slopes of Mount Meru-Tanzania

Aldo Kitalika , Revocatus Machunda , Hans Komakech , Karoli Njau

Introduction In the modern world, LULC is inevitable since human use their environment for their development. Human may use the atmosphere, surface and underground of the earth for development and on doing so they may affect the environment. Such changes occur as a result of complex processes that involve modifications in land-cover and land use,1 and they are determined by the interaction in space and time between biophysical and humans endeavors.2 Such processes include bu

Occupational Exposure of Noise Level in Opencast Iron Ore Mines in India

Anand Deshmukh , Shivkumar Prajapati , Rahul Mishra

Introduction The contribution of mining industry to the Indian economy is enormous; mining has contributed around 2.6% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in year of 2015-16 with 20% contribution of mining of minerals. Industrial development in any country is driven by iron & steel, because of the fact that it largely influences a country's economic status.1 The iron ore is an essential raw material used in the manufacturing of Iron & Steel. Thus, mining of iron ore has be

Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils from Farms in the Vicinity ofandnbsp; Durumi Quarry Site in Mpape, Abuja Nigeria

Fatimah Ojo, Tukura Wokhe, Madu Chima

Introduction Crushed rock quarrying is a mining activity, largely carried out in most parts of the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, because of the availability of large deposits of rocks that adorn the city and obviously for socio-economic benefits. Quarrying is a destructive development activity whose socio-economic benefits may be unable to compensate for the overall detrimental effects on natural ecosystems as it produces immediate and long term undesirable effects in the environment an

Study of Physico-Chemical and Biological Characteristics of the Water of River Ganga at Patna, India

Kumari Satya, Chandravir Narayan

Introduction River is a structure comprising the major route and the tributaries, the flow of which carrying an important load of substance in dissolved and particulate phases as of both natural and anthropogenic sources. The river Ganga is a holy and historic river of India. The river has the largest basin among the rivers covering 26.3% of the entire geographical region of Indian sub-continent. The river Ganga covers 475 km area in Bihar; Patna city is situated on the bank of the Ganga. The

Energy Consumption Pattern In Different Agro-Climatic Zones In Rural Habitations Of Western Himalayan Region, India

S. K. Bhardwaj, R. K. Aggarwal, Tanvi Kapoor

Introduction Energy is fundamental need to achieve the unified economic, social and environmental aims of sustainable human development. India’s energy sector has grown tremendously in recent years. Further economic and population growth, allied to structural trends such as urbanization and industrialization, point to continued rapid expansion in demand for energy. It is found that the share of energy consumption in India and China has also been on the rise due to very fast growth r

Effects of Environmental Factors and Alien Plant Invasion on Native Floral Diversity in Mt. Manunggal, Cebu Island, Philippines

Jake Garces, Mary Joyce Flores

Introduction Plant diversity patterns and composition can be influenced by several abiotic and biotic factors at different spatial scales. At local scales, plant diversity and composition are influenced by geophysical factors (i.e., soil, topography), land use, and biotic interactions. At regional scales, plant communities are influenced by climatic factors and biogeographical processes such as the action of pollinators and dispersal patterns.1 Islands nations like the Philippines

Monitoring and Evaluation of Whole-Body Vibration Exposure of Equipment Operators and Assessment of Associated Health Risk in An Indian Underground Pb-Zn Mine

Bibhuti Mandal, Shivkumar Prajapati, Syed Hussain, Rahul Mishra — 2018-12-21

Introduction Whole-body vibration (WBV) is transmitted to the human body as a whole through supporting surfaces such as feet, buttocks and back.1 Exposure to WBV at work is linked to adverse effect on human health, discomfort and perception among others. Several factors are responsible for intensity of exposure to WBV arising from heavy earth moving equipment operators. These include machine related factors (vehicle type, design, age, condition of vehicle, suspension, seat arrangemen

Comparative Analysis of the Level of Pesticide Residues in Beef, Chevon and Internal Organs of Some Grown Cows Slaughtered in Yola Abattoir of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Introduction 1 Pesticide residues in livestock generally accumulate by two ways, either applied to animals as insecticide – impregnated ear tag, spray, self-treatment back rubber, dust bags, injectable or through pesticide spray on agricultural crops and fodder. These compounds are primarily designed to kill insects, fungi, and weeds but have been found to be toxic. These pesticidal properties are unique and pose a threat to human health and environment.2 Pesticide

Feasibility Studies for Developing Energy Efficient Building in the Juet Campus Using Solar and Biomass Energy

Abhishek Verma, Shiva Y, Harshit Bapna, Lal Kushwah, Kshitij Mudgal

Introduction Importance of the renewable energy resources in the energy mix of the countries has been gaining importance worldwide. Growing population combined with increasing demand for domestic and industrial needs has been exerting huge stress on the energy sector. The environmental issues such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, climate change etc; warrant the utilization of conventional energy resources and emphasize the need for clean fuels in energy mix.1 The problem is more crit

Assessment of Environmental Noise Pollution in Warri and Effurun Metropolitan Cities

Godwin Birma , Baba Rani Issa , Emmanuel Ukpebor

Introduction Noise pollution, majorly a by-product of high human population density and developed industrial state, is now globally recognized as a major challenge for the quality of life in urban areas. It is becoming progressively perpetual, yet unnoticed form of air pollution even in developed nations. The growth in noise pollution is unsustainable because it involves direct, as well as cumulative, adverse health effects. It also adversely affects future generations and has sociocultura

Seasonal Abundance of Cladocerans and Their Relation to Physico-Chemical Parameters of Pond Ecosystem in Palampur, Dist. Kangra, (H.P.)

Kalyani Supriya, Ramesh Chauhan, Balwinder Singh

Introduction A pond is a shallow body of water with a muddy bottom that has rooted plants growing from shore-to-shore. Because the depth is so shallow, water temperatures are fairly uniform from top to bottom but will change as air temperature fluctuates. Increasing urbanisation, industrialisation and excessive use of fertilizers , pesticides in the field windling the quality of water both qualitatively and quantitatively and depleting the aquatic fauna.1 Furthermore, there is a very

Aerobic Brickbat Grit Sand (Abgs) Purifier is the Alternative Solution: Tackling the Problem of Rural Wastewater Treatment In India

Priyanand Agale, Parag Sadgir

Introduction In 2015 not only most of the countries in world have adopted the agenda for sustainable development 2030 but also agree to take its 17 goals of the sustainable development. Even though 2.5 billion people from the world still, lack of access to developed sanitation facility.28 Though world achieves sanitation target but the Sustainable development goal 3 will not satisfying it is just because of lack of wastewater treatment facility. A developing country such as India whe

Biomass Carbon, Carbon Sequestration Potential and Soil Properties as Influence by Different Modules for Management of Chambal Ravines

Akhilesh Singh, S. Verma, Priyadarshani Khambalkar, Shashi Yadav, Sunil Rajput — 2018-12-20

Introduction In recent centuries, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased to 380 ppm, mainly due to anthropogenic activities.11 Forestation plays a very vital role in reducing CO2 through soil carbon sequestration.10 Carbon is found in all living organisms and is the main building block for life on earth. It is present in the soil organic matter, plants and animals, geologic deposits, atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2) and dissolved in sea water. There is a nee

Hydraulic Design of Sewage Treatment Plant for Junagadh Agricultural University Campus

Vaibhav Ram, Ajay Makwana, Dhaval Thanki

Introduction Water is one of the important and precious natural resources. Efficient use of water is important for agricultural production. At present, the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is increasing day by day but, the production of chemical fertilizers is lesser than its demand. Moreover, treated sewage water is rich both in organic matter and nutrients which fulfil the requirement of plants (particularly phosphorus and potash). It can be profitably utilized either as irrigatio

Seasonal Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Bhagwanpur, Varanasi

Garima Jhariya, R.M. Singh, Devendra Mohan — 2018-12-20

Introduction Water is critical and mainly used natural resource. It is fundamental unit of the environment to sustain all kind of life in this planate. Elevated water demand in agricultural as well as industrial sector has been shown in developed country due to unpredicted population growth; urbanization, advancement of technology and higher standards of living.From the total available water on earthonly 0.16% is suitable for individual consumption and the remaining is polluted due to various