mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/assessment-of-seasonal-views-based-on-landscape-perception-the-case-of-ktu-kanuni-campus/ 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 Introduction Previous studies on visual landscape assessment mainly involved landscape perception and preference. The visual landscape assessment queries the extent landscape meets a set of specified criteria. In landscape perception assessment, these criteria generally include aesthetic or landscape preferences.1,2 The concept of aesthetics has often been ignored by rational planners.3 Contrary to basic planning approaches, visual assessment studies attempt to integrate esthetics into planni

..]]> The present study aims to discuss the expert views on different seasonal scenery in campus areas in assessment of visual landscape perception. For this purpose, photographs of the said areas were taken on snowy days and other days in 2016 and 2017. The basic material of the study included 14 photographs depicting spring and winter views of the 7 areas in Karadeniz Technical University (KTU) campus. A survey study was conducted on photographic images with a group of participating landscape archit

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/the-initial-results-of-spatial-temporal-distribution-research-of-the-lightning-discharges-in-kazakhstan/ 2017-07-17 2018-11-22 Introduction Specialists in many areas face the problem of lightning protection and assessment of spatial distribution of lightning discharges. The number of high buildings and site development increases; combustible and explosive substances are widely used in the industry; sensitive electronic devices which react to the interferences caused by lightning discharges are using more and more often in electronics and communication. As a result, damages, caused by lightning discharges, business in

..]]> In this article, the study of spatial-temporal distribution of lightning discharges on the territory of Kazakhstan based on Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) data was done for the first time. The results of monthly, daily and hourly temporary distribution of lightning activity are obtained. Density distribution of the lightning, durations of thunderstorms, spatial development of lightning activity are presented. WWLLN efficiency for the Kazakhstan area is discussed. The research was e

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/carbon-footprint-of-a-beverage-bottling-plant-in-lahore-pakistan/ 2017-07-26 2018-11-22 Introduction The term carbon footprint was not familiar few years back but now it is being widely used by the government and business world. Carbon footprint is a term that can lead to reduced carbon emissions by altering the activities or processes or products to those which are environmental friendly in order to decrease the global climate change1. Climate change has now become a major concern leading to serious issues such as increase in earth’s temperature, increased flood an

..]]> Climate change is amongst the priority and most challenging issues for developing economies like Pakistan. The current study focuses on estimating and calculating carbon footprint of a beverage bottling unit as well as monitoring of major greenhouse gases, unfolding the industrial unit’s contribution in greenhouse gas emissions as a preliminary part to combat the climate change. The methodological approach was based on GHG Protocol guidelines and IPCC guidelines. March 2015 to March 20

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/heavy-metal-accumulation-in-two-macrophyte-species-in-river-drina-republic-of-serbia/ 2017-08-21 2018-11-22 Introduction Monitoring of the state of the environment in the waterway itself and in the entire catchment area is an important tool that should enable decision-makers to correctly determine the priorities in Environmental Management Plans to achieving benefits for its sustainable development 1,2,3,4,5. The Drina River basin extends to 4 countries (Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia), and the state border between Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina is located in the middl

..]]> Monitoring of the state of the environment in the waterway itself and in the entire catchment area is important for its sustainable development. Heavy metals are strong environmental pollutants and many of them are toxic, even at very low concentrations. In this study River Drina was chosen due to these unique characteristics: the great river with large auto purification ability but in pressure of anthropogenic activities including hydropower plants, border between countries. The aim of this res

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/influence-of-meteorological-parameters-on-air-quality-at-hashemite-university-jordan/ 2017-08-16 2018-11-22 Introduction Air pollution in North Africa and the Middle East is receiving increase attention due to its health consequences.1,2,3,4 The Middle East is impacted by frequent dust storms in addition to regional long range transport of air pollution, carried by winds from three neighboring continents: Europe, Africa, and Asia.5 The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan with a population of eleven million and a land area of 89,000 square kilometers, has undergone an unprecedented rate of growth in the

..]]> Four threshold air pollutants (SO2, NO, NO2, and O3) in addition to meteorological parameters were monitored at the Campus of the Hashemite University (HU) for two years (1/1/2012 through 30/12/013). Correlations between air pollution and meteorological parameters were derived. The results showed that O3 has a positive correlation with air temperature, wind speed and wind direction, but has a negative correlation with the relative humidity (RH). SO2 was found to have a negative correlation with

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/components-of-the-citys-physical-identity--a-review-of-in-iranian-cities/ 2017-07-22 2018-11-20 Introduction In most of period, human settlements are going through progress and revolution. Universal Changes, that appear in all of the world, have most significant impact on the development and formation of cities.1 These progress and revolution have affected several urban problem in political, cultural and economical, and managed to arise of environmental problem. Today urban identity in all aspect of city characteristics 2 depend on the entire history and social charact

..]]> Nowadays in countries with long history and civilization most of factors that distinguish the historical city is available in the form of physical identity. It always absorbs significant attention of urban planners, residents and visitors and quality of life. It has played an important role in quality of next generation. The objective of this research is to investigate and analysis the components of the city's physical identity in Iranian cities such as Isfahan, Shiraz and Yazd and capab

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/public-knowledge-and-awareness-of-climate-changes-among-people-in-china/ 2017-07-19 2018-11-16 Introduction It is an acceptable fact among the scientists that there is a relationship between anthropogenic activities and accelerated climate changes such as greenhouse gases which are produced from using the fossil fuels and changing the vegetation cover for the seek of urbanization and development.1 Hence, discussion of the global environmental change (GEC) has been increased among the scientific communities which proved its existence in various parts of the world.2 The

..]]> Measuring the public understanding, knowledge and perceptions towards recent climate change is become a growing research interest in the last two decades. The public understanding and knowledge can be measured through in-depth individual interviews, questionnaires and case studies. In the present study, the public awareness and knowledge towards climate change was measured using questionnaire which was distributed among 160 individuals in four regions of China (Shenzhen, Foshan, Zhuhai and Guang

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/an-experimental-investigation-of-the-efficiency-of-a-stationary-helical-solar-water-heater/ 2017-07-15 2018-11-20 Introduction Due to increasing demand for energy and rising cost of fossil fuels, solar energy is considered an attractive source of green energy that can be used to heat water in domestic and industrial sectors. Solar water heating systems generally consist of a solar radiation collector, working fluid, a storage tank, a pump, a piping unit and an auxiliary heating unit.1, 2 The most important factor in solar water heating is its efficiency. The efficiency of a solar water heating s

..]]> The shape and geometry of a solar collector is an important factor in solar-to-thermal energy conversion. In this paper, a new stationary solar collector called helical solar collector was designed and investigated. The performance of this collector was experimentally studied using ASHRAE standard. Experiments were performed with water as a working fluid in the outdoor condition of Ahwaz, a city in the south of Iran. The findings indicate that the average of its thermal efficiency is about 53%,

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/factors-affecting-the-formation-and-change-of-urban-spatial-organization-in-ahar-city-of-iran/ 2017-03-10 2018-11-20  Introduction In Islamic written and documents Ahar has been introduced as a developed city and the location of mystics and thinkers. Its location in the connecting path of Ardebil and Tabriz has contributed to the enhancement of the city’s significance. The religious-cultural, political, commercial issues, and the short distance from Tabriz, are among other factors contributing to Ahar’s gaining significance in the course of history. The monastery of Sheikh-Shaha

..]]> Ahar is name of a historical city located in northwest of Iran. The existing documents and historical writings along with some inscriptions, architectural and archeological monuments within the city and its suburbs all indicate the historic antiquity of this city. From the pre-Islamic period, little information is available about Ahar. Some sites such as the Jame mosque of Seljuk period and Sheik Shahab Aldin Ahary’s complex indicate that it was a developed city in the Islamic period.

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/toxic-metals-and-essential-nutrients-concentration-in-different-vegetables-collected-from-market-sites-of-chittagong-metropolitan-city-bangladesh/ 2017-07-14 2018-11-20 Introduction Vegetables are vital sources of minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers, antioxidants, protein and carbohydrate.1, 2 Whereas, both essential and lethal elements (metals) are present in vegetables. Heavy metals in vegetables mainly occurred due to contaminated soil and irrigation.3 Further, vegetables can easily absorb the metals accumulated on plant surfaces exposed to the tainted ambient.3 the existence of heavy metals in fertilizers enhance the probability

..]]> The current research has been conducted to investigate concentrations of some toxic metals such as Mn, Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu,and Co along with essential nutrients K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn in twenty two different types of vegetables collected from wholesale market of Chittagong Metropolitan city, Bangladesh. Toxic metals and essential nutrients concentration in the vegetables were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) after acid digestion. Percentages of moisture, organic and inorganic matte

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/a-review-on-the-atmospheric-non-methane-hydrocarbons-nmhcs-study-in-india/ 2017-07-27 2018-11-22 Introduction In the present scenario urban air pollution becomes a prime concern across the world in both developed and developing countries. Urban sprawl, industrialization and extensive transportation in the urban areas have resulted the poor air quality that affects the both human health and the surrounding environment.  Atmospheric nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) are major groups of air pollutants in the urban atmosphere.1 NMHCs are a group of natural and anthropogenic a

..]]> This study present extensive review on the atmospheric non methane hydrocarbons for the monitoring technology, source profile, and variability studies which have been done by various researchers at different research and development institutions all over the India. Most of the studies have reported that the concentration level in the urban environment is elevated at alarming level due to vehicular emission, refinery operation, secondary industrial process, LPG leakage and biomass burning. The el

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/socio-economic-change-impact-after-the-closure-of-mining-activities-a-case-study-of-aravalli-hills-of-faridabad-district-haryana/ 2017-05-23 2018-11-17 Introduction Beginning of mining and its termination contributes towards both positive and negative effect the socio-economic status of the people living in the mining areas and its surroundings. The positive contribution noticed in the form of increasing income source, job creation/increasing employment, migration, community formation, population growth and maintenance of social activities. While the negative impacts includes labour migration, loss of cultural heritage, and risk of health ha

..]]> Mining activities in Aravali hills had played a vital role in industrial growth of the Haryana state but these are also responsible to affect the environment and social life of the community located nearby the area. Present study carried out through special questionnaire consisting of selective parameters such as type of houses, source of water, sanitary facilities, source of income, source of energy, asset, communication services and educational status etc. This elicited from 326 residents of s

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/occupational-lung-diseases-causes-consequences-and-challenges/ 2017-07-06 2018-11-20 Introduction Lung diseases are the pinnacle of occupational diseases. Chronic exposure to irritants at work site can lead to pulmonary disease that may persist for prolonged period, even after the exposure ceases. Occupational lung diseases (OLDs) are a broad group of pulmonary diseases developing either from repeated or persistent inhalation of particulate matters, which causes morbidity and even mortality of the workers. The prevalence of OLDs are a major health issue in the workers exposed

..]]> The systematic review synthesizes the diverse documentation of research on the burden of occupational lung disease (OLD) and its uncanny load in the modern industrial era greatly resembles iceberg phenomenon. The major OLDs include asbestosis, asthma, coal workers pneumoconiosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, hypoxia, lung cancer, metal fume fever, silicosis etc. We searched the literatures limited to English only in Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct using selective keywords and cross ref

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/the-role-of-physical-visual-identity-architectural-elements-of-historical-neighbourhoods-as-factors-for-their-sustainability/ 2017-07-22 2018-11-20 Introduction Historical urban areas. Having cultural values, is a part of social identity and is the identity of every country. This texture is a memorial of old people and must be preserved like a precious cultural treasure. In other words, historical centres require special attention for its value, proximity to city identity and remembrance .Features of open urban spaces, particularly central spaces such as plaza situated at the core of historic city, are directly related to rising selected

..]]> Historic fabric of cities with ancient backgrounds possess high potentials and it must be reclaimed along with paying attention to flexible bases of localism. Urban dwellers, with wide requirements in recent times are seeking for satisfaction in such historical places. Urban historical areas should meet the public values within cultural frameworks and aesthetic experience. Every city consists of material and spiritual values, which are formed in a physical space as a precious asset, so identifyi

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/a-vifaunal-composition-of-jawaharlal-nehru-university-campus-new-delhi/ 2017-07-28 2018-11-21 Introduction The ornithological history of Delhi, the capital of India, is relatively old. The foremost inventory of bird species in Delhi is made by Basil-Edwardes (1926)1 who reported 204 species and sub-species. Thereafter there are many ornithologists2-7 who worked on similar lines. Apart from this, Kalpavriksh (1991)8 recorded 444 species in Delhi and its surrounding areas and Satya (1993)9 revealed 101 species remarkably affected both positively and negatively by urbanization in Delhi.

..]]> The Jawaharlal Nehru University campus is a unique campus which habours not only the natural ridge ecosystem but also a huge avifaunal biodiversity. The survey was done for a period of three years from January 2013 to December 2016. Data was collected using line transects in different habitats all across the campus. A total of 114 bird species belonging to 19 orders and 52 families were identified during the study period, including 3 near threatened species, 2 vagrants,  3 summer visito

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/assessment-of-source-profile-of-nonmethane-hydrocarbon-in-the-ambient-air-of-metro-city-delhi-india/ 2017-05-22 2018-11-20 Introduction In the urban atmosphere nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) are most important groups of air pollutants.1 It is an important precursor of ground level ozone (O3)2–6 and  peroxy acyl nitrates (PAN) formation which can injurious to human health and vegetation.7–11 These NMHCs are emitted from both anthropogenic and natural sources in the ambient atmosphere. Thus, major anthropogenic sources are fossil fuel combustion12 automobile exhaust,

..]]> In this paper presents the assessment of source profile of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the ambient air of Delhi. The samples were collected from five different urban sites using tedlar bags for aliphatic NMHCs and activated adsorption charcoal tubes for aromatic NMHCs during  October 2014 to September 2015. Eleven aliphatic NMHCs  propane, n-butane i-butene, i-butane, 1,3-butadiene, trans-2-butene, cis-2-pentene, n-pentane, n-hexane, heptane and four aromatic NMHCs benze

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/biomass-allocation-and-carbon-stock-in-elm-ulmus-wallichiana-planch-plantation/ 2017-06-05 2018-11-17 Introduction Ulmus wallichiana, the Himalayan Elm, is a fast growing tree species which grows in Himalayas from Kashmir to Uttarakhand between the elevations of 900 to 3000m amsl. The Himalayan Elm grows to a height of about 30m, with a broad crown having several ascending branches. The bark of the trunk is vertically furrowed and grayish brown in colour. Before the introduction of populous deltoides, it was the most cultivated tree species of the Kashmir valley having multifarious uses viz.,

..]]> The present investigation was conducted on a 22- year old Elm plantation established at Wadura campus of SKUAST-Kashmir. Four diameter classes viz., D1 (5-10cm), D2 (10-15cm), D3 (15-20cm) and D4 (>20cm) were stratified from the plantation and 24 trees (6 from each diameter class) were randomly selected and felled in the year 2015. The growth parameters of the trees increased with increase in the diameter class. The maximum height, dbh, basal area and stem volume were 14.98m, 23.77cm, 0.0

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/correlation-studies-for-morphological-and-biomass-traits-in-half-sib-families-of-terminalia-arjuna-l/ 2017-08-04 2018-11-22 Introduction Terminalia arjuna is a fast growing tree having high biomass production potential and ability to grow on marginal and degraded lands. It has immense economic importance in various industries viz., pharmaceutical, timber, paper, soap, match, food, fodder and fuel. The dried stem bark of Terminalia arjuna has been used widely as a drug in Ayurvedic medicine as a cardio-tonic, for injury or wound, blood disorders, obesity, urinary disorders and ulcer or wound. The tree spec

..]]> Estimation of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between various traits provides necessary information in breeding program, when selection is based on two or more characters. The intensity and trend of association among characters may be estimated by genetic coefficients of correlations and genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlation depending on the type of materials studied. The knowledge of genetic inter-relationship between characters is also of theoretical and practical interest b

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/assessment-of-threats-to-forest-ecosystems-using-geospatial-technology-in-jharkhand-state-of-india/ 2017-08-18 2018-11-22 Introduction The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was drafted in Rio in 1992 and since then the issue of conservation of forests has become a major concern worldwide. About 40% of the Earth’s surface is covered by forests and woodlands which form the biodiversity rich areas occurring throughout the world.1 The global biodiversity is concentrated in the forests.2 Tropical dry deciduous forests are one of the largely neglected natural resources all over the w

..]]> Conservation of forest biodiversity is vital for mankind as it provides enormous benefits such as biological resources and ecosystem services. Of late, the forests are facing risk and threats such as fragmentation, degradation and forest fires which are responsible for the deteriorating condition. The progress in the field of science and technology like satellite remote sensing and GIS since the past few decades in India and the world provide an opportunity to track and monitor the changes ta

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/biotransformation-studies-on-organochlorine-insecticide-endosulfan-by-indigenous-bacterial-isolate/ 2017-08-14 2018-11-20 Introduction Pesticides used to protect crops have led to increased crop yield in the modern world. However, unscientific use of various types of pesticides as affected various forms of life in the environment directly and indirectly. Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide (OCPs) has been applied continuously in the last century to improve the agricultural productivity. These OCPs being persistent organic pollutants and their metabolites are still present in the environments which are having mut

..]]> Aerial application of persistent, bioaccumulative organochlorine pesticide endosulfan on cashew plantations to protect it from mosquito bug has led to contamination of soil and water environments in several parts of South Canara region, India. Endosulfan and its toxic residues like endosulfan sulfate are posing several threats to non-target organisms including humans. Biotransformation of toxic compounds using indigenous microbial strains is considered as safe and cost effective technique in bio

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/a-status-of-invasive-alien-species-plant-diversity-in-tehri-district-forest-ecosystem-of-garhwal-himalayan-region/ 2017-08-12 2018-11-17 Introduction The Himalaya mountain region is one of the richest and most unusual ecosystems on Earth.1 Indian Himalayan region covers about an area of 4,19,873 Km.2 The unique physiography, climatic conditions, and soil features of the area have resulted in a mixture of habitats and a substantial biological diversity. The Himalayan region affirmsapproximately 8000 plant species (47.06% of the total flowering plants of India) of which 30% are endemics among natives, 10.2% tre

..]]> Invasive alien species that is non-indigenous to an area, and which may have harmful effect on human, animal, plant health as habitat destruction, degradation and fragmentation of ecosystems. During the study observed the present status of plant diversity of invasive alien species (IAS) in Tehri District of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand. Data were collected through extensive field survey and quadrat method. Result observed that 75 Forest Invasive Species (FIS) and 47 weed species documented from

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/spatial-variation-of-aerosol-optical-depth-and-solar-irradiance-over-delhi-ncr-during-summer-season/ 2017-07-13 2018-11-19 Introduction Aerosol and air pollution play a crucial role in the urban climatology. Urbanization, industrial development, biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion processes due to growing anthropogenic activities have led to increasing the air pollution that also interferes in the microclimatology of a city.1,2,3 Increasing aerosol loading has caused health related problems associated with air quality problems and has also impacts on the aviation safety due to reduction in the vis

..]]> Present study shows the spatial variation of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), solar irradiance and their association at the urban and rural sites in Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR) during the summer season of the year 2015. Summer-time AOD data from the NASA’s Terra satellite MODIS sensor has been used to study the spatial distribution of aerosols over Delhi and its surrounding rural area. The ground data for the direct and global solar irradiances was collected over this region at

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/radon-concentration-measurement-in-groundwater-of-roorkee-uttarakhand-india/ 2017-08-21 2018-11-20 Introduction Human beings are vulnerable to more than half of the dose exposure from natural radiation sources1,2 ­­of the radon (222Rn) and its progeny, produced during the radioactive decay chain of uranium (238U) contributing approximately 55% of internal radiation exposure to human life.3 Radon coming on to contact with the land surface get mixed with the groundwater depending on various factors and its level depends on the radium concentration. Groundwater can

..]]> Groundwater is the largest fresh water resource and radon is a radioactive naturally occurring noble gas that may be found anywhere in soil, air and water due to decay of uranium in rocks.  It is important to investigate the radon in groundwater to safeguard against the health hazard caused due radon. The results presented here are from radon concentrations measured using RAD7 detector in 9 representative groundwater samples collected from hand pumps from southern parts of Roorkee in Ha

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/assessment-of-soil-fertility-around-municipal-solid-waste-disposal-site-near-sangamner-city-maharashtra-india/ 2017-05-24 2018-11-19 Introduction The increasing urbanization and industrialization with changing consumer habits and standards of living have been contributed to the augmentation in MSW.1 The threat of environmental pollution from MSW has been haunting the human being world since early times and is still increasing due to excessive growth in developing countries. MSW is normally termed as ‘‘garbage’’ or ‘‘trash’’ is an expec

..]]> The disposals of municipal solid waste (MSW) in open dumps are a widespread activity around the vicinity of urban area. When rainwater interacts with dumping yards, generate a leachate and percolates through the soil strata and after particular time they pollute the groundwater and soil in the vicinity. In view of this, assessment of soil fertility around MSW disposal site near sangamner city, Maharashtra was carried out. Soil samples (n=16) close to dumping yard and away from considerable dista

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/climate-simulation-using-rcm-data-for-jamnagar-district/ 2017-05-27 2018-11-19 Introduction Climate change is also one of the threats among several other impacting on water resources. Scarcity of water resources, pollution and climate change will be the major emerging issues in the current and next century. Climate change and global warming is the result of a build-up of greenhouse gases (GHG), chiefly carbon dioxide, in the atmosphere. Global climate models (GCMs) are fundamental tools for predicting future climate to enable developing a better understanding of climate

..]]> Scarcity of water resources and pollution will be the major emerging issues in the current and next century. Climate change is also one of the threats among several other impacting on water resources. GCMs are fundamental tools for predicting future climate and RCMs are outstanding tools for studying the mechanisms of climate at scales that are not yet resolved by GCM. The meteorological data (precipitation and temperature) simulated by CGCM2.3.2 RCM for the control period (1961-2000) as well as

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/seasonal-variation-of-leaf-dust-accumulation-and-biochemical-parameters-of-selected-plant-species-alongside-the-national-highway-7-in-sirmaur-h-p-india/ 2017-06-02 2018-11-19 Introduction Atmospheric particulate matter represents a complex mixture of organic and inorganic substances of varying size and may enter an organism or plant in a number of ways. Roadside vegetation communities are greatly affected by the dust from highways and roads due to changes induced in biochemical parameters (ascorbic acid content, pH, Relative Water Content, total chlorophyll content).Particulate pollutants can cause many lethal effects on plants like stomatal clogging, reduced phot

..]]> The  present study was carried out to assess the dust interception efficiency and impact of dust deposition on biochemical parameters of  plant species growing alongside National Highway (NH-7) at Sirmaur, H.P, India. Plants are universal sink of CO2. The plant species selected for the study were Ficus roxburghii, Mallotus philippensis, Shorea robusta, Woodfordia fruticosa. The observed trend of dust accumulation was in the order Ficus roxburghii  (38.30 mg m-2) &g

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/weather-modeling-using-data-driven-adaptive-rough-neuro-fuzzy-approach/ 2017-06-19 2018-11-22 Introduction In rough set, data analysis starts from a table referred to as decision or information table representing an information system.30 A wide range of scientific and medical applications, especially in the field of pattern recognition, data mining, machine learning and process control systems adopted the rough set as a suitable tool.29 Zadeh introduced Fuzzy set theory to the researchers and mathematicians in 1967 stating that, it is not required to have a precise,

..]]> Recently, hybrid data-driven models have become appropriate predictive patterns in various hydrological forecast scenarios. Especially, meteorology has witnessed that there is a need for a much better approach to handle weather-related parameters intelligently.  To handle this challenging issue, this research intends to apply the fuzzy and ANN theories for developing hybridized adaptive rough-neuro-fuzzy intelligent system. . Assimilating the features of ANN and FIS has attracted the ri

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/land-use-planning-for-conservation-measures-of-basin-using-remote-sensing-and-gis-approach-a-case-study/ 2017-07-15 2018-11-19 Introduction Watershed development and management planning is based on land capability classification .  The knowledge of land capability classification is a prerequisite and important for planning, implementation and execution of soil and water conservation programmes.1 Natural resources should be managed in a sustainable manner so that the changes proposed to meet the needs of development are brought without diminishing the potential for their future use.2-3 Use the sat

..]]> Geographical information system proves efficient tool in delineation of watersheds and its planning. Land use planning through Land capability is the basis of watershed management programme.   Land use planning for conservation measures of Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS Approach for Sukhana Basin of Aurangabad District, Maharashtra state has been carried out. Study area is located between 75.33°, 75.76° E longitudes, and 19.66°, 19.98° N lati

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/utilization-of-a-material-derived-from-animal-waste-in-the-biosorption-of-pbii-ions-isothermal-thermodynamic-kinetics-and-statistical-studies/ 2017-05-02 2018-11-19 Introduction Release of large quantities of pollutants into the natural environment has resulted in a number of environmental problems. Heavy metals discharge is of more concern due to its toxicity and tendency of bioaccumulation.1 The anthropogenic sources of metals include industrial, petroleum contamination, sewage disposal and many a lot. Lead is the most recycled non-ferrous metal, utilized in the manufacturing, construction and chemical industries due to its malleable and du

..]]> Heavy metal contaminations via industrial wastewaters endure as startle pollutants due to their nondestructive nature, toxicity, bioamplification and bioaccumulation. Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using animal waste is presented in this study. Acid treatment of the collected animal waste is done, further subjected to FTIR, SEM / EDAX analysis to study the morphology and presence of surface functional groups. Prefatory batch studies are performed to experiment the effects of sorbent pa

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol12no2/inventorization-of-water-resources-in-solan-block-of-himachal-pradesh-india/ 2017-06-16 2018-11-19 Introduction Water is one of the most precious resource on earth without which there would be no life on this planet.1 Inspite of enormous volume of water on the planet, only a small portion is available for use.  About 97 per cent of total water is present in oceans and seas which is saline water, and is not useful while fresh water makes up only 2.6 per cent and 4/5 of that is immobilized as ice.2 This small quantity of fresh water is responsible for sustaining al

..]]> The present investigations entitled “Inventorization of Water Resources in Solan Block of Himachal Pradesh” was conducted during 2012-13, with the objective to prepare a detailed inventory of water resources in the area, some latest had also been added. For inventory, a survey was conducted as per prestructured proforma. People’s perception was also recorded to verify the inventorization. In Solan Block the total number of water resources recorded in the field were

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