mail.cwejournal.org Current World Environment en-us https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/the-integrate-of-hec-hms-and-hec-ras-models-in-gis-integration-models-to-simulate-flood-case-study-the-area-of-karaj/ 2016-08-31 2018-12-01 Introduction Flood is one of the major natural disasters that damage from disasters such as drought and famine is more human than the others (Green et al.,2008). Various studies indicate that lack of attention to privacy issues and rivers, causing an exponential growth in the frequency of flooding and the damage is among urban and semi urban and greatest potential flood risk model. Because complete protection from the risk of flooding is not possible (more et al.,2008), living in the flood of

..]]> Residential and urban development in the context of flood plain rivers and hydrological and hydraulic conditions regardless of the watershed and river, an increasment risk of flooding and loss of the other side can make investment in these areas. The purpose of this  study is to evaluate the behavior of river flooding and the spread of Karaj in Alborz province. combining hydrological model HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS hydraulic model was used for this purpose, meteorological and hydrometric stat

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/recognition-of-patterns-of-climatic-and-social-sustainability-patterns-in-architecture-of-persian-homes-of-zanjan-with-identity-based-approach-to-todays-housing/ 2016-08-31 2018-11-27 Introduction Architectural space and causes major has changed its organization, methods of transformation in the spatial organization. Historical backgrounds, cultural, social and environmental factors are very effective in shaping the architecture. At the beginning of the third millennium, people's lifestyle, needs and subsequent body and their environment has changed. These developments during the time period that is effective and strained to various reasons such as developments

..]]> Modern architecture car is constantly moving and changing. This kind of thinking has contributed in modern housing construction. It is therefore necessary to find Iranian desirable identity and attention to the principles and its application, to use in contemporary housing architecture. In this paper, theoretical study to achieve the desirable residential areas of the standards, such as the realization of Islamic identity and culture of the Iranian space responsiveness in the field of architectu

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/the-role-of-urban-advertising-in-quality-of-urban-land-scape/ 2016-08-31 2018-11-27 Introduction 21 century is the century of information revolution and the media variety is one of the properties of these times.  In a time when communication period known as his propaganda presented as an advanced knowledge and as an important tool for economic purposes and has a lot of influence in the labor market. Now imagine a city without billboards and advertising signs and symbols is not possible and urban advertising is an inseparable part of the layout of cities. Urban adver

..]]> Urban advertising is one of the most important principals of advertising knowledge and one of the factor elements of urban landscape in human habitation as it is known an impartible part of urbans framework and the most significance part of commercial acts are appertained to this subject. Present study that in method is applicable, by using of description method work on urban advertising and its incident in Imam St. of Urmia center of West Azerbaijan (as the most important commercial and actual

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/third-place/ 2016-08-31 2019-03-11 Introduction  City is the most clear aspect of human need for social life which formed from sum relations between people with each other and with their around environment. Principally, a city is alive and dynamic where experiences, demands and its habitants appear in it. The city can allows to its habitants to see each other and percept attendance sense in a active urban environment, shoulder to shoulder and age to age .this chance, best place for appearing, will be attain in public

..]]> Third place is not house either workhouse. It is a place between two places for visiting with friends, resting and drinking without any stress.  Roy Oldenburg defines third place in this way: third places are the places which people can be together in it and communicate. Inverse, first place (house) and second place (work house) allow to people that be together and enjoy of speaking and being together. Streets corners, coffee nets, coffee shops and other third places are the base of peo

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/appropriate-new-structure-selection-for-a-specific-function-of-architecture/ 2016-08-31 2018-11-27 Introduction To achieve the necessary harmony between architectural design and its construction requires analysis of a variety of structures and choosing the most appropriate one for each function. Due to extensive requirements and the need to improve the quality of building as is common in most large countries the best industrial production methods and the most use of new structures should be considered. So that our architecture in Iran needs to change from traditional methods to modern m

..]]> Today, with the introduction of new structural systems to the construction industry, making the decision to use this new system is not easy. Due to the unique characteristics that each of the systems have and also with regard to the specific circumstances of each project, it might be possible that each of these systems find top priority to common structural systems of the country. In this article by using value engineering and scoring criteria tailored to each user and scoring structures (due to

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/evaluation-of-cementitious-fire-resistive-material-in-steel-structures-using-ul-263-international-standards/ 2016-08-31 2018-12-01 Introduction The issue of steel structures fireproof is one of the issues highly considered globally during the recent years. Considering firefighting and Tehran Municipality instructions on compulsion of making steel structures fireproof, cementitious materials is one of the materials accepted in Iran to fulfill this issue.1 Firecut-F1 cement based fireproof substance which is used exclusively by Beta Engineering Group in Iran is one of these materials. Two important discussions of

..]]> Considering the fact that constructional steel loses half of its thermal resistance under a certain temperature of a range of 550-550 C, therefore, as per UL 263 and ASTM-E119 international standards, the thickness of spraying fireproof substance shall be made for all the sections to strengthen the structure. Whereas using these standards as per the structures used in Iran is subject to various opinions among engineers, here it has been tried that a certain part of these relations in proportion

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/quantification-of-coarse-aggregate-angularity-by-a-newly-developed-auto-grader-machine/ 2016-08-31 2018-11-27 Introduction There is a consensus among researchers that the aggregate shape properties affect performance, but a debate has arisen over the ability of the tests to quantify the related shape properties. In compacted mixtures, angular-shaped particles exhibit greater interlock and internal friction, and, hence, result in greater mechanical stability than do rounded particles (Little, Button et al, 2003). Thus, angular and rough-textured aggregates are crucial to develop interlocking among agg

..]]> The physical properties of aggregates have a direct correlation to the performance of a pavement. Stiffness, fatigue response, shear resistance and permanent deformation are some of the distresses for which aggregate form, texture and angularity have an influence. Angularity is an important property of aggregate shape, more angular are the particles there will be better interlocking, inter friction and greater mechanical stability, hence better pavement distress resistance. A debate has a risen

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/an-overview-and-introduction-for-construction-of-geodesic-domes-in-a-simple-word-in-addition-with-studding-a-case-and-designing-a-research-center-with-this-structure/ 2016-08-31 2018-12-01 Introduction Geodesic dome is a space type of structure that looks like a section of a ball or sphere. This instrument is made of a grid of triangles that eventually form a spherical surface. The greater the number of triangles the better form of a sphere-shaped dome is approached. (Urner, 2016) The using hardness and stability of triangle will cause the strength of dome and integration of the parts spreads the force in all the sphere so finally the geodesic dome makes an efficient structure.

..]]> Geodesic dome is a spherical structures that is formed of five Platonic geometry used in construction, although apparently the dome has complex geometry, they have quick and easy way for constructing. In this paper, how to build a simple dome Geodesic is described in a simple word, which says the possibility of holding it in any space and with any little materials is possible. Geodesic domes offer us much architectural features, at the end of this article, a research center within this volume is

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/making-university-campuses-suitable-for-the-physical-and-motor-disabled-people-case-study-college-of-fine-arts-university-of-tehran/ 2016-08-31 2018-12-01 Introduction One of the principles accepted by the philosophers is the principle of movement. They believe that the world is thoroughly in the course of movement and movement in human includes gradual change and development of any creature to improve the forces stored in it to excellence. Therefore, necessary facilities for evolution and improvement should be available for all classes of the society. Disabled people are not an exclusion to this rule. Their existence among other classes of the

..]]> Social growth and prosperity in any society depends to a high extent to supply of welfare facilties and providing suitable spaces to use them. These facilities assist in the grounds for social growth only if their scope covers all individuals of the society with special needs. Since a major part of any society is constituted by the aged, disabled, impaired and disabled people, failure to pay attention to that class not only may result in their lack of motivation and deprivation of society fro

..]]> https://mail.cwejournal.org/vol11no2016/estimation-of-the-pre-consolidation-pressure-in-soils-using-ann-method/ 2016-08-31 2018-11-27 Introduction The maximum historical effective stress of soil is referred to pre-consolidation pressure and determines the changes of stress during the formation of soil.1 Due to the difference of geological effect and the stress changes, the process of consolidation may differ during the formation and current process. According to the definition of pre-consolidation pressure, when the external load is lower than the pre-consolidation pressure, the natural soil only has a tiny deforma

..]]> Calculation of the pre-consolidation pressure is related to strength and deformation parameters for over consolidated soils and reflects the stress path and deformation features of soils. Therefore, accurate and convenient calculation of the pre-consolidation pressure is of great importance in traditional soil mechanics. In the current paper, by using the MATLAB toolbox, a BP neural network based method is applied to calculate and model pre-consolidation pressure. Finally, the accuracy and effec

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